酒糟有机无机复混肥对喀斯特山区朝天椒生物效应和土壤肥力的影响  

Influences of Wine Lees-based Organic-inorganic Compound Fertilizer on Biological Effect and Soil Fertility on Pod Pepper in Karst Mountainous Area

作　　者：郑博文 张萌[2] 江友峰 芶久兰[2] 杨明开 顾小凤 程利芳羽 宋南伶 张迪 ZHENG Bowen;ZHANG Meng;JIANG Youfeng;GOU Jiulan;YANG Mingkai;GU Xiaofeng;CHENG Lifangyu;SONG Nanling;ZHANG Di(Kweichow Moutai(Group)Circular Economy Industrial Investment and Development Co.,Ltd.,Zunyi 563100,Guizhou,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州茅台酒厂(集团)循环经济产业投资开发有限公司,贵州遵义563100 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第10期114-121,共8页China Vegetables

基　　金：贵州茅台循环产投成果转化项目(XHFW2022085)。

摘　　要：为探究酒糟有机无机复混肥对贵州喀斯特山区朝天椒的应用效果,采用两年田间试验,研究了常规化学肥料(CF,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O为15-15-15)、有机无机复混肥1(OIF1,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O为12-5-10,有机质≥30%)、有机无机复混肥2(OIF2,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O为8-3-6,有机质≥40%)对贵州朝天椒产量、品质、养分积累量、肥料利用率及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:与CF处理相比,施用OIF1和OIF2两款有机无机复混肥使朝天椒鲜椒产量和干椒产量分别提高5.86%~21.93%和3.34%~16.36%。同时,2023年OIF1和OIF2处理的还原糖含量较CF处理相比分别增加了41.05%和31.88%,而且2023年OIF1和OIF2处理的硝酸盐含量也显著降低了26.41%和32.24%,差异均显著。此外,有机无机复混肥OIF1和OIF2的施用在促进辣椒养分积累、提高肥料利用效率和改善土壤肥力水平方面也起到了积极影响。综合来看,施用酒糟有机无机复混肥对朝天椒生产能力和肥料效应具有积极作用,可作为贵州喀斯特山区朝天椒提质增产的一种有效技术途径。In order to investigate the effect of wine lees-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on pod pepper in the karst mountainous area of Guizhou province,a two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of conventional chemical fertilizer(CF,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=15-15-15),organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 1(OIF1,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=12-5-10,organic matter≥30%),and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 2(OIF2,N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=8-3-6,organic matter≥40%)on the yield,quality,nutrient accumulation,fertilizer utilization and soil fertility of pod pepper in Guizhou.Compared with the CF treatment,the application of OIF1 and OIF2 increased the fresh and dry pepper yields of pod pepper by 5.86%-21.93% and 3.34%-16.36%,respectively.Meanwhile,the reducing sugar content of OIF1 and OIF2 treatments was significantly increased by 41.05% and 31.88%in 2023,respectively.And the nitrate content of OIF1 and OIF2 treatments in 2023 was significantly reduced by 26.41%and 32.24% compared to CF treatment,respectively.In addition,the application of OIF1 and OIF2 also played a positive impact in promoting the nutrient accumulation,increasing the fertilizer utilization and improving the soil fertility level.On the whole,the application of wine lees-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer had a positive effect on the production capacity and fertilizer effect of pod pepper,which can be used as an effective technical way to improve the quality and increase the yield of pod pepper in mountainous areas of Guizhou.

关 键 词：酒糟有机无机复混肥 朝天椒 产量 品质 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S158[农业科学—园艺学]