我国大型医用设备管理办法变迁与配置规划分析  

Analysis of the changes in management and allocation planning of large medical equipment in China

作　　者：熊伟 王吉鸣[1] 包涛[1] 孙静[1] 陈革 冯靖祎[1] Xiong Wei;Wang Jiming;Bao Tao;Sun Jing;Chen Ge;Feng Jingyi(Department of Clinical Engineering and Material Supplies,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310003,China;Department of Clinical Engineering,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第一医院医学工程与物资部,杭州310003 [2]宁波大学附属第一医院医学工程部,宁波315010

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2024年第7期547-553,共7页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：宁波市公益性科技计划项目(2022S133)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国大型医用设备管理办法的变迁,并评价"十三五"到"十四五"时期大型医用设备配置规划基于人口分布的公平性。方法采用文献分析方法梳理我国大型医用设备管理办法的特征及变迁,并建立数据库对"十三五"末期大型医用设备现有数及"十四五"末期大型医用设备配置规划数进行定量分析,然后基于洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数开展公平性评价。结果20世纪80年代至今,我国大型医用设备相关管理办法相继出台、迭代更新,以不断适应社会发展与医疗服务需求。除常规放射治疗类设备外,"十四五"末期全国各类大型医用设备的每百万人口拥有量较"十三五"末期至少增加1倍,其中重离子质子放射治疗系统和腹腔内窥镜手术系统增加2倍。洛伦茨曲线分析结果显示,"十四五"末期大型医用设备基于人口分布的公平性优于"十三五"末期,尤其是重离子质子放射治疗系统、高端放射治疗类设备和PET/MR。"十四五"末期大型医用设备规划数基于人口分布的基尼系数普遍小于"十三五"末期;除华北地区的重离子质子放射治疗系统和PET/MR外,全国六大地区各类设备"十四五"时期配置规划数基于人口分布的基尼系数都小于0.4,处于相对公平的状态。结论我国的大型医用设备管理办法与时俱进,不断适应卫生健康事业新发展阶段。全国六大地区大型医用设备配置规划基于人口分布的公平性稳步提升,建议配置规划时重点考虑基于人口分布的公平性以及现有设备临床应用情况。ObjectiveTo analyze the changes in the management methods of large medical equipment in China,evaluate the equity of large medical equipment allocation planning from the 13th Five-Year Plan to the 14th Five-Year Plan.MethodsThe literature research was used to sort out the characteristics and changes of the management of large medical equipment in China.The database was established to quantitatively analyze the existing number of large medical equipment at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan and the planned number of large medical equipment at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan,and then the fairness evaluation was carried out based on the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.ResultsSince the 1980s,the management measures of large-scale medical equipment in China have been introduced and updated iteratively to meet the needs of social development and medical services.In addition to conventional radiotherapy equipment,the number of large medical equipment per million population in China at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan at least doubled compared with the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan,among which the heavy ion radiotherapy system and the laparoscopic surgery system increased by more than two times.Lorenz curve analysis showed that the fairness of large medical equipment based on population distribution at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan was better than that at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan,especially for heavy ion proton radiotherapy system,high-end radiotherapy equipment and PET/MR.The Gini coefficient of large medical equipment planning based on population distribution during the 14th Five-Year Plan was generally smaller than that of the 13th Five-Year Plan.Except for the heavy ion proton radiotherapy system and PET/MR in North China,the Gini coefficient of the planned number of all kinds of equipment in the six regions of the country during the 14th Five-Year Plan was less than 0.4 based on population distribution,which was in a relatively fair state.ConclusionsThe management of large medical equipment in

关 键 词：医疗设备 医疗服务 管理 配置规划 洛伦茨曲线 基尼系数 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]