古尔班通古特沙漠土壤物理参数时间变化特征及其影响因子研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Soil Parameter Changes and Factors Influencing Thermal Conductivity in the Gurbantunggut Desert

作　　者：陈辰光 高佳程 买买提艾力·买买提依明[1,2] 王豫 宋美琪 温聪 艾力亚尔·艾海提 杨帆 霍文[1,2] 周成龙 CHEN Chenguang;GAO Jiacheng;Ali Mamtimin;WANG Yu;SONG Meiqi;WEN Cong;Ailiyaer Aihaiti;YANG Fan;HUO Wen;ZHOU Chenglong(Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Taklimakan National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology/Taklimakan Field Scientific Experimental Base of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm/Urumqi Key Laboratory of Ring Physics and Chemistry,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;College of Geography and Remote Sensing,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站/中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地/新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室/中国气象局乌鲁木齐年轮理化重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第5期135-145,共11页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：科技创新团队(天山创新团队)项目(2022TSYCTD0007);沙漠边界层气象及其关键探测技术研究创新团队;自治区创新环境建设专项(PT2203);国家自然科学基金(42375084、42305132);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(IDM2021005、IDM2021001)。

摘　　要：以古尔班通古特沙漠为研究靶区,利用2020年克拉美丽陆-气相互作用观测试验站连续观测数据,分析古尔班通古特沙漠土壤温湿度、土壤热通量、土壤盐分及导热率等主要土壤参数变化特征及影响因子。结果表明:(1)古尔班通古特沙漠土壤温度年日均值变化呈倒“U”型,季节变化明显,总体表现为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季,浅层土壤温度的变化幅度大于深层,湿度变化特征为春、夏季高,秋、冬季低,通常表现为随土壤深度增加土壤湿度逐渐升高;土壤热通量变化总体表现为春、夏季高,秋、冬季低,日变化幅度春、夏、秋、冬季依次递减。(2)古尔班通古特沙漠土壤导热率年均值为0.832 W·m^(-1)·K-1,导热率与降水呈显著的正相关,土壤温湿度、土壤盐分是影响沙漠区土壤导热率的主要因子。在冻土条件下,土壤导热率平均为0.634 W·m^(-1)·K-1,并随土壤湿度增加而增加,冻土时导热随湿度增加的速率约为非冻土时的2.5倍;在降水条件下,土壤含水量<0.06 m^(3)·m^(-3)时,土壤导热率呈现缓慢增加趋势,土壤含水量>0.06 m^(3)·m^(-3)时随湿度上升而迅速增加;在融雪时期,土壤含水量<0.11 m^(3)·m^(-3)时土壤导热率随湿度上升缓慢增加,土壤含水量>0.11 m^(3)·m^(-3)时土壤导热率迅速上升。Taking the Gurbantunggut desert as the research target,the main soil parameters and influencing factors of the Gurbantunggut desert were analyzed by using the continuous observation data of the Kelameili Land-Air Interaction Observation Experimental Station in 2020.The results showed that:(1)The annual daily mean change of soil temperature in the Gurbantunggut desert showed an inverted"U"shape,and the seasonal variation characteristics were obvious,which generally showed that the change range of shallow soil temperature was greater than that of deep layer,and summer>spring>autumn>winter,and the humidity change was high in spring and summer and low in autumn and winter,which was usually characterized by a gradual increase in soil moisture with the increase of soil depth,and the overall change of soil heat flux was high in spring and summer,low in autumn and winter,and the diurnal variation range decreased in spring,summer,autumn and winter.(2)The average annual thermal conductivity of soil in the Gurbantunggut desert was 0.832 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),the thermal conductivity was significantly positively correlated with precipitation,and soil temperature,humidity and soil salinity were the main factors affecting soil thermal conductivity in desert areas.Under permafrost conditions,the average soil thermal conductivity was 0.634 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),and it increased with the increase of soil moisture,the rate of heat conductivity increased with humidity during frozen soil was about 2.5 times that of non-frozen soil,and under precipitation conditions,the soil thermal conductivity increased slowly when the soil moisture content was less than 0.06 m^(3)·m^(-3),and increased rapidly with the increase of humidity when the soil moisture content is greater than 0.06 m^(3)·m^(-3),and increased slowly with the increase of humidity when the soil water content was less than 0.11 m^(3)·m^(-3) during the snowmelt period,and increased rapidly with the increase of humidity when the soil water content was less than 0.11 m^(3)·m^(-3).

关 键 词：古尔班通古特沙漠 土壤参数 相关性 导热率 

分 类 号：P412.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]