群塔顶超大规模机翼状钢-索结构屋面建造技术研究  

Study on Construction Techniques of Super Large-scale Wing-shaped Steel-cable Structure Roof on Group Tower Top

作　　者：吴轶 WU Yi(Shanghai Mechanized Construction(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200072,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Oriented in Typical Building Application Robot,Shanghai 200072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市机械施工集团有限公司,上海200072 [2]上海面向典型建筑应用机器人工程技术研究中心,上海200072

出　　处：《建筑施工》2024年第10期1712-1716,共5页Building Construction

基　　金：上海建工集团股份有限公司基金项目(21JCSF-15)。

摘　　要：大屋面为少见的全桁架加工项目,体量大、焊接多,采用热轧型钢替代焊制型钢,可提高加工效率。以北航中法航空学院大屋面为例,其大屋面平面尺寸大、跨度大、质量大,投影范围满布既有建筑物,经构件分段与机械布置综合考虑后,决定采取由中间向两边流水安装的施工路线。根据支座位置进行桁架吊装分段,采取中线重型行走式塔吊+外围重型履带吊综合吊装方法,实现施工范围全覆盖;大屋面跨外吊装半径大、跨内吊装质量大,跨外采用履带吊塔式工况、跨内采用行走式动臂塔吊,满足吊装需求;边桁架超大跨度双向弯曲,采取“工厂拼装竖向补偿,现场安装水平补偿”的施工策略;拉索施工工况复杂,通过模拟计算进行分析;拉索施工牵引、张拉存在精度、温度、双索扭曲偏转等难点,通过正装迭代找形分析和拉索张拉过程分析,设计了提升与张拉装置,实现拉索牵引张拉一次成形。通过一系列技术研究,提高了加工质量和效率、保证了安装精度和安全,可为类似大屋面工程提供借鉴。Large roofs are rare full truss projects with large size and extensive welding.Processing efficiency can be improved by using hot-rolled section steel instead of welded section steel.Taking the large roof of the Sino-French Aviation Institute of Beihang University as an example,the roof has a large plane size,large span,and significant mass,covering existing buildings.After comprehensive consideration of component segmentation and mechanical layout,the construction route of flow installation from the middle to both sides is adopted.The truss is hoisted and sectioned according to the position of the support,using a heavy walking tower crane in the middle line and a heavy crawler crane in the periphery to achieve full construction coverage.The hoisting radius outside the span of the large roof is extensive,and the hoisting mass inside the span is significant.A crawler crane tower working condition is adopted outside the span,and a walking boom tower crane is used inside the span to meet hoisting requirements.The construction strategy of"vertical compensation for factory assembly and horizontal compensation for field installation"is used for the side truss with super-large span and bidirectional bending.The construction conditions of the cable are complex and analyzed through simulation calculations.There are several difficulties in cable traction and tensioning,such as precision,temperature,and double cable distortion and deflection.Through form-finding and cable tensioning process analysis,the lifting and tensioning device is designed to achieve one-time formation of cable traction and tensioning.This series of technical studies improves processing quality and efficiency,ensures installation accuracy and safety,and provides a reference for similar large roof projects.

关 键 词：大屋面 钢-索结构 热轧型钢 双机抬吊 牵引张拉一次成形 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程]