宏观尺度下公路货运网络空间结构的特征和演进规律  

Characteristics and Evolution Patterns of Highway Freight Network Spatial Structure at Macro Scale

作　　者：王屾[1] 于丹阳[1] WANG Shen;YU Danyang(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2024年第4期20-31,共12页Transport Research

基　　金：交通运输部战略规划政策项目(2022-21-3)。

摘　　要：为揭示我国省际公路货运网络的空间结构特征和演进规律,据此优化物流布局、提升货运效率和降低货运成本,依据宏观尺度下的调查年份公路货运数据,构建模型测算公路OD货运量,并利用网络分析方法探索公路货运网络空间结构及其演进规律。首先,提出基于流量调节的省际公路OD货运量推算方法,以解决非调查年度数据缺失问题。然后,基于2013年和2022年两个特征年度的数据,通过网络分析和社区发现技术,识别出我国公路货运网络结构从4个区域向3个区域演进的规律,揭示了网络中明显的空间相互依赖性。最后,对社区发现结果的各片区进行综合评估,发现北部地区具有公路货运区域自给自足的特点,长三角地区表现出高度一体化特征,南部区域则呈现公路货运交流量较低的特点;通过加权度中心性分析,发现北部地区呈现公路货运网络多中心模式,长三角地区公路货运网络各节点均衡集聚,南部区域公路货运网络中重要节点较少、交流量相对偏低。研究结果表明,我国公路货运网络区域分化较显著,不同区域呈现不同的发展模式和演进特征。To reveal the spatial structural characteristics and its evolution patterns of the national inter-provincial highway freight network,according which to optimize logistics layout,improve freight transportation efficiency,and reduce freight transportation costs,a model was constructed based on the survey years'highway freight data at macro scale to calculate the highway OD freight volume,and network analysis methods were used to explore the spatial structure and its evolution patterns of highway freight network.Firstly,a method based on traffic adjustment for estimating the inter-provincial highway OD freight volume was proposed to address the issue of data gaps in non-survey years.Then,using data from the characteristic years of 2013 and 2022,network analysis and community detection techniques were employed to identify the evolution pattern of China's highway freight network from four regions to three regions,revealing significant spatial interdependence within the network.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation of the different areas resulting from community detection showed that the northern region had characteristics of regional self-sufficiency in highway freight transportation,the Yangtze River Delta region exhibited high integration,and the southern area demonstrated lower freight exchange volumes.Through weighted degree centrality analysis,it was found that the northern region presented a multi-center pattern in highway freight network,with balanced clustering of nodes in the Yangtze River Delta region,and fewer nodes and lower freight exchange volumes in the southern region.The research results indicate that China′s highway freight network has significant regional differentiation,with different regions showing different development patterns and evolutionary characteristics.

关 键 词：公路货运网络 OD货运量推算 社区发现 物流节点分析 省际货运网络 

分 类 号：U14[交通运输工程] U491.1