钒钛铁尾矿制备绿色建筑材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on Preparation of Green Building Materials Using Vanadium-Titanium Iron Ore Tailings

作　　者：田小平[1,2] 王长龙 Hidayati Asrah[2] Lim Chung Han 平浩岩 齐洋 马锦涛 荆牮霖 刘治兵 郑永超 翟玉新[4] 刘枫 TIAN Xiaoping;WANG Chonglong;Hidayati Asrah;Lim Chung Han;PING Haoyan;QI Yang;MA Jintao;JING Jianlin;LIU Zhibing;ZHENG Yongchao;ZHAI Yuxin;LIU Feng(School of Civil Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China;Faculty of Engineering,University Malaysia Sabah,Kota Kinabalu 88400,Sabah,Malaysia;State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research,Beijing 100041,China;China Railway Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100040,China;Construction Development Co.,Ltd.,China Railway Construction Group,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学土木工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]马来西亚沙巴大学工程学院,沙巴哥打京那巴鲁88400 [3]北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室,北京100041 [4]中铁建设集团有限公司,北京100040 [5]中铁建设集团建筑发展有限公司,北京100070

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第19期115-124,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1910605);河北省自然科学基金(E2020402079);河北省科技重大专项项目(21283804Z);固废资源化利用与节能国家重点实验室开放基金(SWR-2023-007);中铁建设集团有限公司科技研发计划(22-14b,22-11b);邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(21422111260)。

摘　　要：钒钛磁铁矿是以铁、钒、钛为主的多金属元素共生的复合矿,在世界分布不均衡。中国是该矿石的主要产出国之一,该矿石分布在五个主要矿带。钒钛铁尾矿是钒钛磁铁矿选矿过程中产生的固体工业废弃物,是一种多金属伴生的铁尾矿。该尾矿在中国的堆存量巨大,富含很多有用化学组分,也被称为人工矿床。该尾矿以硅酸盐为主,主要化学成分是二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、氧化钙和氧化铁等,主要矿物是脉石矿物。国内外学者对其在绿色建筑材料综合利用方面做了很多有益探索,但总体来看,这些研究更多停留在实验室里。主要原因是(1)不同尾矿库甚至同一尾矿库的钒钛铁尾矿理化性能可能有较大差异,尾矿原料的稳定性不足;(2)受尾矿原料不稳定的理化性能影响,中试结果经常出现较大差异,难以实现规模化利用;(3)钒钛铁尾矿库大多地处偏僻,运输成本高,且缺乏高附加值的尾矿产品,规模以上企业因投入大产出小望而生畏。本文综述了钒钛铁尾矿在中国的地域分布和堆存量,重点研究了其化学组成、矿物组成、粒度分布和重金属浸出,分析了其作为主要原料在绿色建筑材料方面的研究进展,指出了存在问题并展望了发展前景。Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a complex ore with a symbiosis of multi-metal elements,mainly iron,vanadium and titanium,which is unevenly distributed in the world.China is one of the main producing countries of the ore,and the ore is distributed in five major mining zones.Vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings(VTIOT)is solid industrial wastes generated during the beneficiation of vanadium-titanium magnetite,a kind of polymetallic associated iron ore tailings.The tailings has a huge stockpile in China and is rich in many useful chemical components,also known as artificial deposit.The tailings is dominated by silicates,with the main chemical components being silica,aluminum trioxide,calcium oxide and iron oxide,and the main minerals are vein minerals.Many scholars at home and abroad have made many useful explorations on the comprehensive utilization of the tailings in green building materials.However,in general,the studies are more in the laboratory.The main reason is that(i)different tailings ponds or even the same tailings ponds of VTIOT physical and chemical properties may have large differences,and the stability of the tailings raw materials is not sufficient;(ii)by the unstable physical and chemical properties of VTIOT,the results of pilot tests often show large differences,it is difficult to achieve large-scale utilization;(iii)the ponds of VTIOT are mostly located in remote areas,with high transportation costs and lack of high value-added tailings products,which is daunting to enterprises.This paper reviews the geographical distribution and stockpiles of VTIOT in China,focuses on its chemical composition,mineral composition,particle size distribution and heavy metal leaching,analyzes the research progress on green building materials as main raw materials,points out the problems and looks forward to the development prospects.

关 键 词：钒钛磁铁矿 钒钛铁尾矿 绿色建筑材料 混凝土 矿物掺合料 

分 类 号：TU522.3[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]