天然高分子多糖在药物传递领域中的应用  

Application of Natural Polysaccharides in Drug Delivery

作　　者：刘晨爽 田野 盛显良[2] 斯琴塔娜 张玉辉 LIU Chenshuang;TIAN Ye;SHENG Xianliang;XIN Siqintana;ZHANG Yuhui(College of Material Science and Art Design,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;College of Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学理学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第19期246-263,共18页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52263013);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2021MS02023);内蒙古农业大学青年教师科研能力提升专项(BR220140);内蒙古自治区草原英才人才工程项目(DC2000000745);内蒙古农业大学高层才人才启动项目(NDGCC2016-21)。

摘　　要：天然高分子多糖因具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性、易修饰性和无毒等特点而成为制备超分子纳米药物载体的极佳选择之一。在载体构筑过程中,二硫键、硼酸酯键和碳氮键等动态共价键的引入不仅提高了药物的负载量,还增强了纳米载体的生物相容性,并为载体提供了刺激响应位点,使其在药物传递过程中可以通过pH、光和酶等刺激实现药物的靶向释放,使药物传递体系更加智能、便捷和可控。本文从天然高分子多糖类型、动态共价键类型、刺激响应类型以及天然高分子多糖载体的临床适应症类型这四个方面综述了天然高分子多糖在药物传递领域中的应用,并对其当前面临的主要挑战和未来的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。Natural polysaccharides are ideal materials for the preparation of nano-drug carrier systems because of their intrinsic characteristics:good biocompatibility,biodegradability,ease of modification and low toxicity.The incorporation of dynamic covalent bonds such as disulfide bonds,boronate bonds,C-N bonds are a versatile tool for the construction of drug carriers,which can increase drug loading,enhance the biocompatibility,and provide the stimulus-responsive sites.In this regard,many stimuli,such as pH,light and enzyme could be exploited as triggers for drug release,thus making the drug delivery system more intelligent,convenient and controllable.In this paper,the applications of natural polysaccharides in drug delivery systems are reviewed from four aspects:the natural polysaccharides types,dynamic covalent bonds types,stimulus-response types and the clinical indication types of natural polysaccharides.The main challenges and future advances in this field are also detailed.

关 键 词：天然高分子多糖 药物载体 动态共价键 刺激响应 

分 类 号：O636[理学—高分子化学]