不同葡萄砧木品种需冷量及低温时长对芽休眠相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of chilling requirement and chilling duration on the expression of bud dormancy-related genes in different grape rootstock varieties

作　　者：肖丽冰 钟挺威 李琳琳 陆秀边 林钦雄 韩佳宇[2] 张延晖 贾海锋 白先进[2] 王博[1] XIAO Li-bing;ZHONG Ting-wei;LI Lin-lin;LU Xiu-bian;LIN Qin-xiong;HAN Jia-yu;ZHANG Yan-hui;JIA Hai-feng;BAI Xian-jin;WANG Bo(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Grape and Wine Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Guangxi Zhencheng Agricultural Co.,Ltd.,Nanning,Guangxi 530105,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]广西真诚农业有限公司,广西南宁530105

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第8期2237-2247,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960572);广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFBA026047);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21196042);广西大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410593403)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同葡萄砧木品种需冷量及低温时长对芽休眠相关基因表达的影响,为筛选热区葡萄低需冷量砧木品种及探究葡萄萌芽进程调控机制提供理论依据。【方法】以15个葡萄砧木品种的冬季修剪枝梢为试验材料,进行不同低温时长处理,处理温度为(4±1)℃,测定各砧木品种的需冷量,统计各葡萄砧木品种萌芽进程;并研究需冷量有差异的葡萄砧木品种,在低温处理打破休眠过程中枝梢中可溶性总糖和淀粉含量变化;通过实时荧光定量PCR检测砧木芽中休眠相关基因的相对表达量。【结果】贝达、SO4、101-14、110R、188-08、3309C、140R、Valliant、山河2号、BR No.2、Fercal和5C等12个品种需冷量为0 h,1103P需冷量为168 h。1103P砧木枝梢中可溶性总糖含量随着低温处理时长增加呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05,下同);在低温处理304 h时,可溶性总糖含量最高,达2.55μg/g,此时枝梢中淀粉含量显著降低,仅0.06μg/g,低需冷量的3309C枝梢中淀粉含量在3个低温时长处理间无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)。1103P砧木随着低温处理时长增加,胼胝体合成酶基因VvCALLOSE SYNTHASE1的相对表达量呈显著下降趋势,未低温处理的1103P冬芽中VvCALLOSE SYNTHASE1基因的相对表达量显著高于3309C。3个低温时长处理中,1103P芽中β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因VvGLU1、ABA合成关键酶基因VvNCED1、GA20-氧化酶基因VvGA20ox-2、响应低温胁迫的重要转录因子基因VvbHLH92和开花抑制基因VvSVP的相对表达量在低温处理304 h时最高。未进入内休眠的3309C在低温处理过程中,VvCALLOSE SYNTHASE1和VvSVP基因的相对表达量无显著变化,未经低温处理时的3309C芽中VvGLU1基因、ABA合成诱导因子基因VvXERICO和VvbHLH92基因的相对表达量最高。3个低温时长下1103P芽中VvSVP基因的相对表达量均显著高于3309C。【结论】筛选出贝达、SO4、101-14、110R、188-08、3309C、140R、Valliant、山河2号、BR No.【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the effects of chilling requirement and chilling duration on the expression of bud dormancy-related genes in different grape rootstock varieties,providing theoretical basis for screening low-chilling rootstock varieties suitable for tropical and subtropical regions and exploring the regulatory mechanisms of grape germination.【Method】Winter pruning bud-wood of 15 grape rootstock varieties were used as test materials,and subjected to different chilling duration treatments at(4±1)℃.The chilling requirement of each grape rootstock variety was detected,and the germination process was recorded.The changes of total soluble sugar and starch content in branches with different chilling requirements were analyzed during dormancy release induced by chilling requirement.The relative expression levels of dormancy-related genes in the buds were determined using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.【Result】The chilling requirement of 12 grape varieties including Bayda,SO4,101-14,110R,188-08,3309C,140R,Valliant,Shanhe No.2,BR No.2,Fercal and 5C was 0 h,while the chilling requirement of 1103P was 168 h.The total soluble sugar content in the branches of 1103P rootstocks increased significantly with chilling duration added(P<0.05,the same below),reaching a maximum of 2.55μg/g at 304 h of chilling duration,and the starch content in branches decreased significantly to 0.06μg/g.In contrast,there was no significant difference in starch content in branches of 3309 C with low chilling requirement among the three chilling duration treatments(P>0.05,the same below).With increasing chillinng duration treatment,the relative expression of VvCALLOSE SYNTHASE1 in 1103P decreased significantly.The relative expression of callosal synthase gene VvCALLOSE SYNTHASE1 in 1103P winter buds without chilling treatment was significantly higher than that in 3309C.Among the three chilling duration treatments,the relative expression levels ofβ-1,3-glucanase gene VvGLU1,ABA synthesis key enzyme ge

关 键 词：葡萄砧木 需冷量 低温处理 休眠解除 基因表达 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]