氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种对玉米根际土壤细菌群落多样性及酶活性的影响  

Effects of chlorantraniliprole seed dressing on bacterial community diversity and enzyme activity in maize rhizosphere soil

作　　者：姚遥 矣晓翠 刘一依 祝春月 李智 宋保燕 岩应宇 陈斌[2] 肖关丽[1] YAO Yao;YI Xiao-cui;LIU Yi-yi;ZHU Chun-yue;LI Zhi;SONG Bao-yan;AI Ying-yu;CHEN Bin;XIAO Guan-li(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第8期2396-2406,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400705-5);云南农业大学创新创业行动基金项目(2022ZKY223)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂拌种对玉米根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性及主要酶活性的影响,为利用氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种防治玉米害虫提供科学依据。【方法】采用田间小区试验,以清水拌种为对照(CK),设氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂拌种处理(T),利用高通量测序技术测定播种后15、35和60 d玉米根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性,利用酶试剂盒法测定玉米根际土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,探讨玉米根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性及酶活性对氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种的响应。【结果】玉米播种后15 d,T处理的细菌分类数量低于CK,但播种后35和60 d高于CK。氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种提高了细菌群落丰度,但其影响随时间逐渐减弱。CK和T处理的优势门均为变形菌门(Proteobac‐teria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota),播种后15和35 d,T处理的玉米根际土壤变形菌门和拟杆菌门相对丰度增加,而酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和疣微菌门相对丰度降低。各处理的优势菌属均为未分类酸杆属(unclassified_Acidobacteriales),在玉米播种后15和35 d,T处理的未分类酸杆属相对丰度均低于CK,而播种后60 d均高于CK。利用PICRUSt 2对玉米根际土壤细菌16S rRNA进行功能预测,结果显示氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种处理后的土壤细菌功能基因主要与代谢和能源产生相关。氯虫苯甲酰胺拌种能激活玉米根际土壤过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性,而对土壤脲酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05),土壤过氧化氢酶活性在播种后15和60 d分别显著升高57.85%和51.67%(P<0.05,下同),土壤蔗糖酶活性在播种在35和60 d显著升高19.95%和61.66%。播种后15和35 d,拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)、髌骨细菌门(Patescibacteria)的相对丰度与土壤过氧化氢酶活性呈正相关;播种后60 d,酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the effects of chlorantraniliprole suspension seed dressing on the structure and diversity of bacterial communities in maize rhizosphere soil,as well as the activity of major enzymes,providing scientific basis for the use of chlorantraniliprole seed dressing in controlling maize pests.【Method】The field plot experiment was conducted using water seed dressing as the control(CK)and chlorantraniliprole suspension agent seed dressing as the treatment(T).High-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the structure and diversity of the bacterial communities in maize rhizosphere soil at 15,35,and 60 d after sowing.The activities of catalase,sucrase,and urease in the maize rhizosphere soil were measured using enzyme assay kits.The responses of bacterial community structure,diversity,and enzyme activity in maize rhizosphere soil to chlorantraniliprole seed dressing were investigated.【Result】At 15 d after maize sowing,the number of bacterial classifications in the T treatment was lower than that in the CK,but at 35 and 60 d after sowing,it was higher than that in the CK.Chlorantraniliprole seed dressing increased the bacterial community abundance,but its impact gradually diminished over time.The dominant phyla in both CK and T treatments were Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota,Bacteroidota,Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobiota.At 15 and 35 d after sowing,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota in the maize rhizosphere soil in the T treatment increased,while the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota,Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobiota decreased.The dominant genus in both treatments was unclassified_Acidobacteriales.At 15 and 35 d after maize sowing,the relative abundance of unclassified_Acidobacteriales in the T treatment was lower than that in the CK,while at 60 d after sowing,it was higher than that in the CK.Using PICRUSt 2 to perform the functional prediction on the bacterial 16S rRNA in maize rhizosphere soil,the results showed that the functional ge

关 键 词：玉米 氯虫苯甲酰胺 拌种 土壤细菌群落 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S154.3