池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾投喂膨化饲料和硬颗粒饲料的差异研究  

Effects of extruded feed on growth performance,water qualityand economic benefit of pond-cultured Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：杨全义 杨天磊 殷蕊 宫春光[1] YANG Quanyi;YANG Tianlei;YIN Rui;GONG Chunguang(Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University,Qinhuangdao 066003,China;Hebei Academy of Marine and Aquatic Sciences,Qinhuangdao 066201,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003 [2]河北省海洋与水产科学研究院,河北秦皇岛066200

出　　处：《河北渔业》2024年第10期14-19,共6页

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系特色海产品创新团队疫病防控及质量控制岗位(项目编号:HBCT2024290207);河北省现代农业产业技术体系淡水养殖创新团队疫病防控及质量控制岗位(项目编号:HBCT2024300209)。

摘　　要：为更好地了解膨化饲料在池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)中的应用效果,在天津宝坻选取位置临近、水源一致的6个淡水池塘进行膨化饲料与硬颗粒饲料的养殖对比试验,3个池塘投喂沉性膨化饲料,另外3个池塘投喂同一营养水平的硬颗粒饲料。虾苗初始体质量为(0.125±0.047)g,初始体长为(1.96±0.32)cm,放苗密度均为39万尾/hm^(2),养殖90 d。从生长性能、养殖水体水质和养殖效益3个方面进行了比较。结果表明,膨化饲料组在养殖存活率、增重率、特定生长率和终末密度等方面略高于颗粒饲料组,饲料系数略低,但均无显著差异(P>0.05);养殖水体中氨氮、亚硝酸盐浓度显著低于颗粒饲料组(P<0.05)。此外,使用膨化饲料能够获得更高的产量和更高的养殖效益,且单位资金成本的回报更高。In order to understand the application effect of extruded feed for pond-cultured Litopenaeus vannamei,a comparative experiment was conducted in 6 freshwater ponds which were close in position and with same water source in Baodi,Tianjin.Three ponds were fed extruded feed,and the other three ponds were fed hard pellet feed with the same nutrient level.L.vannamei with an initial body weight of(0.125±0.047)g and an initial body length of(1.96±0.32)cm were used in a 90 days culture experiment,with the initial density of 390000 ind./hm 2.Growth performance,water quality and economic benefits were compared.The results showed that the survival rate,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and final density of L.vannamei cultured with extruded feed were slightly higher than those with pellet feed,and the feed conversion ratio was slightly lower,but there were no significant differences(P>0.05).The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in pond water with extruded feed were significantly lower than those with pellet feed(P<0.05).In addition,the use of extruded feed could achieve higher yield and economic benefits,greater profitability,and a higher return on unit cost.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) 沉性膨化饲料 硬颗粒饲料 池塘养殖 效益 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]