沙河底质沉积物重金属污染评价及潜在风险分析  

Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in the sediments ofShahe River and analysis of potential risks

作　　者：李瑶 刘兆宁 杨超臣 慕建东 LI Yao;LIU Zhaoning;YANG Chaochen;MU Jiandong(Hebei Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Qinhuangdao 066200,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment,Qinhuangdao 066200,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省海洋与水产科学研究院,河北秦皇岛066200 [2]河北省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066200

出　　处：《河北渔业》2024年第10期42-46,F0003,共6页

摘　　要：为综合评价与分析沙河底质沉积物中的重金属污染状况及其潜在生态风险,选取了沙河6个代表性站点,通过野外调查、样品采集和实验室分析,对底泥中的重金属元素汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)和砷(As)进行了测定,并引入地质累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对污染程度和生态风险进行了评估。结果显示,沙河沉积物中重金属含量自上游至下游逐渐降低,主要污染元素为Hg、Cd和Zn。地质累积指数分析表明,Hg在上游区域为中度污染,而其他重金属元素如Cu、Pb和As未发现明显污染。潜在生态风险指数分析表明,沙河上游区域的生态风险高于下游,尤其是G1点位,其重金属的潜在生态风险指数远高于其他点位,这与Hg的高含量和高毒性有关。To comprehensively evaluate and analyze the heavy metal pollution status and potential ecological risks in the sediments of the Shahe River,six representative sampling sites were selected.Through field investigation,sample collection,and laboratory analysis,the heavy metal elements such as mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),lead(Pb),and arsenic(As)in the sediment were determined.The geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method were introduced to assess the degree of pollution and ecological risks.The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the sediments of the Shahe River gradually decreased from upstream to downstream,with the main polluting elements being Hg,Cd,and Zn.The geo-accumulation index analysis indicated that Hg showed moderate pollution level in the upstream area,while other heavy metals such as Cu,Pb,and As showed no significant pollution.The potential ecological risk index analysis indicated that the ecological risk in the upstream area of the Shahe River was higher than that in the downstream area,especially at site G1,where the potential ecological risk index of heavy metals was much higher than those of other sites,which was related to the high content and high toxicity of Hg.

关 键 词：底质沉积物 重金属污染 地质累积指数 潜在生态风险 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]