干热岩定向钻井关键技术研究与应用  

Research and Application of Key Technology ofDirectional Drilling for Hot Dry Rock

作　　者：李宽[1] 施山山 张新刚[1] 王跃伟[1] 许洁[1] 张恒春[1] LI Kuan;SHI Shanshan;ZHANG Xingang;WANG Yuewei;XU Jie;ZHANG Hengchun(The Institute of Exploration Techniques,CAGS,Langfang,Hebei 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2024年第5期7-14,共8页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目“共和盆地恰卜恰干热岩试验性开发与评价”(编号:DD20190136)、“智能化深部钻探技术升级与应用示范”(编号:DD20211421)和“紧缺战略性矿产高效勘查智能化钻探技术支撑”(编号:DD20240121)联合资助。

摘　　要：为推动干热岩产业化步伐,中国地质调查局在青海共和盆地部署了我国首例干热岩试验性开发工程,采用一口直井注入和两口定向井采出的开发模式,文章就定向井钻井关键技术进行研究与应用。青海共和盆地干热岩主要为花岗岩,地层硬度大、研磨性强、温度高,加上大规模储存改造的影响,定向井钻井作业存在机械钻速低、碎岩工具寿命短、测量仪器耐温差、信号不稳定、井眼轨迹控制难度大等技术难题。为保证钻井作业顺利推进,从井眼轨迹控制、提高井下工具耐温耐磨能力、提高钻井液高温流变性能、钻井液主动降温等技术手段入手,创新研发了耐高温MWD、抗高温聚合物钻井液体系、螺旋板式钻井液冷却装置等关键技术与装备,优选了“牙轮钻头+单弯螺杆+MWD”钻具组合,安全高效地完成了双靶点定向井施工,AB靶心的中靶精度分别为4.85 m和8.97 m,钻井周期缩短20%以上,并取得了最高进尺175.00 m、最快机械钻速3.74 m/h的提速增效成果。In order to promote the industrialization of hot dry rock in China,the first experimental development project of hot dry rock in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai,including one vertical well and two directional wells,was deployed by China Geological Survey.The key technologies of directional drilling are researched and applied in this paper.The hot dry rock in Gonghe Basin were mainly granite,with the characteristic of high hardness,strong abrasive and high temperature,which was also affected by large-scale hydraulic fracturing,there are many technical problems with drilling operations such as low rate of penetration,short life of rock breaking tool,unstable signal of measuring instrument at high temperature,and big difficulty of well trajectory control.To ensure smooth drilling operation,the key technologies and equipment have been developed including high temperature wireless measuring while drilling instrument,high temperature polymer drilling fluid system,and spiral plate mud cooling equipment.The bottom hole assembly of roller bit,single camber mud motor and measuring while drilling was determined.The double target directional well was drilled safety and efficiently,with the target accuracy of 4.85 meters and 8.97 meters respectively,the drilling period reduced by 20%,the maximum footage of 175 meters and the maximum rate of penetration of 3.74 m/h achieved.

关 键 词：干热岩 定向钻井 高温随钻测控 聚合物钻井液 钻井液冷却技术 

分 类 号：P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学] P634[天文地球—地球物理学]