化肥减量配施有机肥和微生物菌剂对麦后复种娃娃菜产量与品质的影响  

Effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application combined with organic fertilizer and microbial inoculant on yield and quality of post-wheat cropping baby cabbage

作　　者：夏成明 史嘉莉 马栋 于若飞 XIA Chengming;SHI Jiali;MADong;YU Ruofei(Jiuquan Institute of Agricultural Sciences Research,Jiuquan 735000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]酒泉市农业科学研究院,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第10期132-140,共9页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河西走廊中西部增碳培肥产能提升多样化种植技术模式集成与示范(2022YFD1900204)。

摘　　要：研究化肥减量配施有机肥和微生物菌剂对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响,为麦后复种娃娃菜科学施肥提供依据。以娃娃菜品种春玉黄为试验材料,设置常规施肥、化肥减量增施不同比例有机肥和微生物菌剂等7个处理,测定娃娃菜株高、地上部和地下部干鲜质量、鲜菜产量、净菜产量、净菜率以及维生素C、可溶性总糖、矿物质元素含量等指标,研究不同处理对麦后复种娃娃菜生长、生物产量和经济产量的影响。结果表明,化肥减施并增施有机肥能显著提高娃娃菜植株的株高、地上部和地下部干鲜质量、鲜菜产量和净菜产量;适量减少化肥并配施有机肥和微生物菌剂可以促进娃娃菜生长并获得高产,同时能显著提高娃娃菜维生素C、可溶性总糖、可溶性固形物和Ca、Fe、Zn矿物质元素的含量,提升娃娃菜的品质和营养价值。化肥减施配施有机肥和微生物菌剂各处理均可以提高娃娃菜的品质和产量,其中以JF4处理(化肥减施40%+增施有机肥7500 kg·hm^(-2)+微生物菌剂75 kg·hm^(-2))效果最佳,可作为该区域麦后复种娃娃菜的优化施肥方案。In order to establish a foundation for scientific fertilization in the post-wheat cultivation of Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa var.chinensis),this experiment studied the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer in combination with organic fertilizer and microbial inoculant on the growth,yield,and quality of baby Chinese cabbage.The Chunyu Huang variety of baby Chinese cabbage served as the experimental material.Seven treatments were set up,including conventional fertilization,reducing chemical fertilizer mixed with increasing organic fertilizer,and microbial inoculant.The plant height,dry and flesh mass of aboveground and underground plant parts,flesh vegetable yield,net vegetable yield,netvegetable rate,as well as the concentration of vitamin C,total soluble sugar,and various mineral elements were measured.The results showed that reducing fertilizer application and increasing organic fertilizer could significantly increase plant height,dry and fresh mass of aboveground and underground parts,fresh vegetable yield and net vegetable yield of baby cabbage plants.Appropriate reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer and microbial agent could promote the growth and high yield of baby cabbage,and significantly increase the content of vitamin C,soluble total sugar,soluble solid,as well as Ca,Fe and Zn mineral elements in baby cabbage,which improved its quality and nutritional value.The quality and yield of baby cabbage were improved by chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer and microbial microbial agent,among which JF4 treatment(chemical fertilizer reduction by 40%+organic fertilizer increase by 7500 kg·hm^(-2)+microbial microbial agent 75 kg·hm^(-2))had the best effect,which could be used as an optimal fertilization scheme for multiple planting baby cabbage after wheat in this region.

关 键 词：化肥减量配施 麦后复种 娃娃菜 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]