施氮量对有机基质栽培韭菜生长、品质及氮素利用的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application on growth,quality and nitrogen utilization of Chinese chives in organic substrate culture

作　　者：韩珑 王婷 高俊杰[1] 刘中良[1] 陈震 谷端银[1] 闫伟强[1] HAN Long;WANG Ting;Gao Junjie;LIU Zhongliang;CHEN Zhen;GU Duanyin;YANWeiqiang(Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai’an 271000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第10期141-148,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：山东省蔬菜产业技术体系(SDAIT-05)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜有机基质栽培韭菜生长的最佳施氮量,以独根红品种为试材,设置CK(0 kg·667 m^(-2))、T1(4 kg·667 m^(-2))、T2(8 kg·667 m^(-2))、T3(12 kg·667 m^(-2))、T4(16 kg·667 m^(-2))、T5(20 kg·667 m^(-2))、T6(24 kg·667 m^(-2))、T7(28 kg·667 m^(-2))、T8(32 kg·667 m^(-2))、T9(36 kg·667 m^(-2))共10个尿素处理,探究施氮量对基质栽培韭菜生长、品质及氮素利用的影响。结果表明,T3处理的韭菜总产量最高,较CK、T9处理分别显著增产21.58%、17.19%,分蘖数较CK显著增加37.69%。T3处理有较好的根系形态,且分蘖数、根系形态及矿质养分含量之间存在不同程度的正相关性(r=0.352~0.952)。氮肥农学效率、偏生产力和氮素利用率随施氮量的增加整体上呈降低趋势。采用隶属函数法对产量及可溶性糖、丙酮酸、纤维素和硝酸盐含量等指标进行综合评价,T3处理得分最高,综合品质最好。综上,适宜的施氮量能提高韭菜的产量、品质,促进矿质养分的吸收,其中T3处理能较好地协调产量、品质和氮肥利用率的关系,效果最佳。In order to screen out the best nitrogen application level suitable for the growth of Chinese chives in organic substrate culture,the variety Dugenhong was used as experimental material,and ten urea treatments including CK(0 kg·667 m^(-2)),T1(4 kg·667 m^(-2)),T2(8 kg·667 m^(-2)),T3(12 kg·667 m^(-2)),T4(16 kg·667 m^(-2)),T5(20 kg·667 m^(-2)),T6(24 kg·667 m^(-2)),T7(28 kg·667 m^(-2)),T8(32 kg·667 m^(-2)),T9(36 kg·667 m^(-2))were set to investigate the effect of nitrogen application rate on the growth,quality and nitrogen utilization of Chinese chives in organic substrate culture.The results showed that the total yield of Chinese chives with T3 treatment was the highest,increasing by 21.58%and 17.19%compared to CK and T9 treatments,respectively,and the tiller number increased by 37.69%in comparison with CK.The T3 treatment had better root morphology,and positive correlations(r=0.352-0.952)were observed among the tiller number,root morphology,and mineral nutrient content.The yield,soluble sugar,pyruvate,cellulose,nutrient content and other indicators were evaluated by membership function method.The T3 treatment achieved the highest score among all the treatments and had the best overall quality.With the increase of nitrogen application,the agronomic efficiency,partial productivity,and nitrogen utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer showed an overall declining trend.In summary,an appropriate amount of nitrogen application could improve the yield and quality of Chinese chives,promote the absorption of mineral nutrients..The T3 treatment exhibited the best performance in coordinating the relationship between yield,quality and nitrogen utilization efficiency.

关 键 词：韭菜 施氮量 有机基质 产量 品质 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S633.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]