植物根系应答低温逆境机理及防控措施研究进展  

Research Progress on Mechanism and Control Measures of Plant Roots Response to Low-temperature Stress

作　　者：王捧娜 代雯慈 刘琴 翁颖 田佳玉 胡梦婷 赵丰俊 刘一凡 黄伟祥 郑宝强 李金才[1] 陈翔[1] WANG Pengna;DAI Wenci;LIU Qin;WENG Ying;TIAN Jiayu;HU Mengting;ZHAO Fengjun;LIU Yifan;HUANG Weixiang;ZHENG Baoqiang;LI Jincai;CHEN Xiang(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期88-96,共9页Journal of Jianghan University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2023AH051016);安徽省重大科技专项(202003b06020021);淮北市重大科技专项(HK2021013);“十四五”安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助;安徽农业大学校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X202210364201)。

摘　　要：根据近年来国内外关于低温逆境对植物根系生长发育影响的研究成果,从根系形态、生理与分子机制及根土环境等方面将植物根系对低温逆境的应答机理做了系统综述,总结了从品种、水肥运筹、外源化控制剂与微生物菌剂等方面提高植物根系抗低温能力的防控措施,并提出今后的研究应通过表型组学技术(近红外成像、X射线、CT成像技术等)加强低温逆境下植物根系的形态结构及其生长过程的研究,同时应将根系生理生态与现代分子生物学技术(蛋白质组、转录组、代谢组等)相结合深入挖掘植物抗低温过程中根系的应答机理并加强根系与地上互作效应的研究,以期为植物根系抗寒机理的更系统且深入研究提供参考。According to the research results of the influence of low-temperature stress on the growth and development of plant roots in recent years,this paper systematically elaborated the response mechanism of plant roots to low-temperature stress from the aspects of root morphology,physiological and molecular mechanisms,and root-soil environment.In addition,the regulation measures to improve the ability of plant roots to resist low temperatures were summarized from the aspects of variety,water and fertilizer operation,exogenous chemical control preparations,and microbial agents.It was suggested that phenomics(near-infrared imaging,X-ray,CT imaging,etc.)should be used to strengthen the study of the morphological structure and growth process of plant roots under low-temperature stress in the future.By combining root physiology and ecology with modern molecular biology technologies(proteome,transcriptome,metabolome,etc.),the root response mechanism in plant resistance to low temperatures should be deeply explored,and the research on root and ground interaction should be strengthened to provide a reference for a more systematic and in-depth study on the cold resistance mechanism of plant roots.

关 键 词：根系 低温逆境 生理机制 防控措施 分子机制 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]