南大洋人为二氧化碳的吸收、分布、储存与输运研究进展  

Research and prospects of anthropogenic carbon dioxide uptake,distribution,storage and transport in the Southern Ocean

作　　者：张双 祁第 吴瀛旭 汪冰冰 陈立奇 ZHANG Shuang;QI Di;WU Yingxu;WANG Bingbing;CHEN Liqi(Institute of Polar and Marine Research,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change,MNR,The third Institute of Oceanography,Xiamen 361001,China;College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学,极地与海洋研究院,福建厦门361021 [2]自然资源部第三海洋研究所,大气化学与全球变化重点实验室,福建厦门361001 [3]厦门大学,海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《极地研究》2024年第3期391-405,共15页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1509100)资助。

摘　　要：海洋吸收了工业化以来大约30%人为二氧化碳(简称人为碳,Anthropogenic carbon dioxide,Cant)而显著地影响了全球海洋碳源汇格局。据估计,南大洋35°S以南区域吸碳潜力占全球大洋高达40%左右,但该估计也被认为存在着很大的不确定性,主要是因为缺乏对Cant在南大洋吸收、分布、储存和输运方面的系统性认知。本文基于国内外有关南大洋碳吸收和储存及输送等数据库和研究,分别从海-气界面CO_(2)通量角度和海洋内部Cant的分布、储存和输送等方面,综述归纳了南大洋开阔大洋区及近岸区碳源汇格局的研究进展;探究目前在南大洋碳汇模型与实测数据存在明显差距原因,以及季节性冰区碳源汇强度估算不确定性较大的问题;讨论了相关方法在人为碳计算中的优点与不足以及影响人为碳储量的主要输送机制。本文将有助于对南大洋海-气CO_(2)通量、源汇格局变异以及输出过程的进一步了解,以及更准确估算南大洋乃至全球海洋碳汇。The ocean has become a significant global carbon sink,absorbing approximately 30% of the increase in anthropogenic CO_(2) since industrialization.The Southern Ocean contributes around 40% of this absorption.However,the Southern Ocean has the highest uncertainty in the global anthropogenic carbon uptake due to the lack of systematic knowledge of anthropogenic CO_(2) uptake,distribution,storage,and transport.This paper summarizes the progress of research on carbon source and sink patterns in the open ocean and shelf regions of the Southern Ocean from the perspectives of CO_(2) fluxes at the sea-air interface,the distribution,storage,and transport of anthropogenic CO_(2) in the ocean,respectively.It highlights inconsistencies between modelling and measurement results in terms of carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean and the uncertainty in estimating the carbon sink strength of the seasonal ice zone.It also discusses the advantages and disadvan-tages of methods in anthropogenic carbon concentration calculation,as well as the transport mechanisms affecting the anthropogenic carbon inventory,contributing to the understanding of the sea-air CO_(2) fluxes in the Southern Ocean,as well as the variability of the carbon source/sink pattern and the carbon transport process.These results will be used to better estimate the Southern Ocean and global ocean carbon sink in the future.

关 键 词：人为碳 碳汇 碳吸收和分布 输运与储存 南大洋 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]