2018-2021年北京市西城区0~12月龄散居儿童先天性心脏病筛查情况分析  

Analysis of congenital heart disease screening in 0-12 month old scattered children in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：张伯昕 何舒青 ZHANG Boxin;HE Shuqing(Children's Health Department of Xicheng District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Beijing,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区妇幼保健院儿童保健科,北京100054

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2024年第7期1516-1520,共5页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：目的 了解北京市西城区2018-2021年0~12月龄散居儿童先天性心脏病发生情况。方法 用纵向和横向比较法对西城区2018-2021年0~12月龄散居儿童保健年报资料及新发先心病个案进行回顾性分析。结果 2018-2021年北京市西城区散居0~12月龄儿童先心病的总检出率为1.01%。先心病类型以房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损为主,占70.83%。有早产(χ^(2)=41.850,P<0.001)、低出生体质量(χ^(2)=51.147,P<0.001)、窒息缺氧(χ^(2)=12.413,P<0.001)、高胆红素血症(χ^(2)=36.62,P<0.001)、母亲高龄(χ^(2)=3.915,P=0.048)高危因素的儿童先心病的检出率高于无这些高危因素的儿童。将130例体检信息完整的儿童分成正常出生体质量组和低出生体质量组,正常出生体质量组先心病儿童在12月龄时的平均体质量、平均身长、平均头围,参考WHO评价标准,均在中等水平(M±1SD);低出生体质量组男孩各项均在中等以下水平(M-2SD~M-1SD),女孩平均体质量在中等水平(M±1SD),平均身长及平均头围中等以下水平(M-2SD~M-1SD)。结论 应加强先心病儿童管理,特别关注早产、低出生体质量、窒息缺氧、高胆红素血症、母亲高龄儿童的发育状况,对于低出生体质量的先心病儿童需加强生长发育监测及营养指导。Objective To investigate the incidence of congenital heart disease in children aged 0-12 months who were scattered in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2018 to 2021.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the health an-nual report data and newly diagnosed cases of congenital heart disease for scattered children aged 0-12 months in Xicheng District from 2018 to 2021 using vertical and horizontal comparison methods.Results The total detection rate of congenital heart disease in children aged 0-12 months in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2018 to 2021 was 1.01%.The main types of congenital heart disease are atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect,accounting for 70.83%.Having premature birth(χ^(2)=41.850,P<0.001),low birth weight(χ^(2)=51.147,P<0.001),suffocation and hypoxia(χ^(2)=12.413,P<0.001),hyperglycaemia(χ^(2)=36.62,P<0.001),mother's advanced age(χ^(2)=3.915,P=0.048)of children,the detection rate of congenital heart disease in children with high-risk factorsis higher than that in children without these high-risk factors.Divide 130 children with complete physical examination information into a normal birth weight group and a low birth weight group.The average weight,average length,and average head circumference of children with congenital heart disease in the normal birth weight group at 12 months of age are all at a moderate level(M+1SD)according to WHO evaluation criteria.The boys in the low birth weight group are all below average(M-2SD to M-1SD),while the average weight of girls is below average(M+1SD),and the aver-age length and average head circumference are below average(M-2SD to M-1SD).Conclusion The management of children with congenital heart disease should be strengthened,with special attention paid to premature birth,low birth weight,asphyxia and hypoxia,hyperbilirubinemia,and the developmental status of older mothers.For children with congenital heart disease with low birth weight,growth and development monitoring and nutritional guidance should be strengthened.

关 键 词：散居儿童 先心病 筛查 

分 类 号：R725.4[医药卫生—儿科]