水中待产分娩与传统待产分娩对产后盆底功能障碍性疾病预防效果分析  

Comparative Analysis of the Preventive Effects of Water Delivery and Traditional Delivery on Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Diseases

作　　者：黄雪瑞 朱新如 李卿双 Huang Xuerui;Zhu Xinru;Li Qingshuang(Obstetrics Department,Zhumadian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhumadian,Henan,463000,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市中医院产科,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2024年第19期2363-2365,共3页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:分析水中待产分娩与传统待产分娩对产后盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)预防效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年4月—2023年4月驻马店市中医院进行阴道试产的60例产妇临床资料,依据产妇意愿分为两组,32例采用传统待产分娩的为传统组,28例采用水中待产分娩的为水中组。比较两组产妇盆腔器官脱垂(POP)、压力性尿失禁(SUI)发生率、盆底电生理指标、产程时间、产后2 h出血量、新生儿1 min Apgar评分、新生儿体重和剖宫产率。结果:水中组POP及SUI发生率低于传统组,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.115、4.391,P<0.05);水中组盆底肌肉Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力分级高于传统组,差异均有统计学意义(Z=2.781、2.401,P<0.05);水中组第一产程时间短于传统组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.227,P<0.05);两组产妇第二、第三产程时间、产后2 h出血量、新生儿1 min Apgar评分、新生儿体重比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=0.501、0.339、0.980、0.478、0.255,P>0.05);水中组剖宫产率低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.391,P<0.05)。结论:水中待产分娩对产后PFD预防效果优于传统待产分娩,能够缩短第一产程时间,促进产妇自然分娩,降低POP及SUI发生率,减轻对盆底肌纤维的损伤,且对母婴结局无明显影响。Objective:To analyze the preventive effects of underwater delivery and traditional delivery on postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 60 pregnant women who underwent vaginal trial delivery in the hospital from April 2022 to April 2023.They were divided into two groups based on the wishes of the pregnant women.32 cases were in the traditional group,and 28 cases were in the water group.The incidence of pelvic organ prolapse(POP),stress urinary incontinence(SUI),pelvic floor electrophysiological indexes,labor time,postpartum hemorrhage 2 h,neonatal 1min Apgar score,neonatal weight and cesarean section rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of POP and SUI in the water group was significantly lower than that in the traditional group(χ^(2)=4.115,4.391;P<0.05).The muscle strength grades of typeⅠand typeⅡpelvic floor muscle fibers in the water group were higher than those in the traditional group,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.781,2.401;P<0.05).The time of the first stage of labor in the water group was shorter than that in the traditional group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.227,P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the time of the second and third stages of labor,the amount of blood loss two hours after delivery,the Apgar score of newborns at 1 min,and the weight of newborns between the two groups(t=0.501,0.339,0.980,0.478,0.255;P>0.05).The cesarean section rate of the water group was lower than that of the traditional group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.391,P<0.05).Conclusion:Water delivery is better than traditional delivery in the prevention of postpartum PFD,which can shorten the time of the first stage of labor,promote natural delivery,reduce the incidence of POP and SUI,reduce the damage to pelvic floor muscle fiber,and has no significant effect on maternal and infant outcomes.

关 键 词：盆底功能障碍性疾病 水中待产分娩 盆底电生理指标 压力性尿失禁 剖宫产率 

分 类 号：R719.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]