飞机地面振动试验激振方案优化与工程验证  

Optimization and engineering verification of excitation scheme for aircraft ground vibration test

作　　者：陈浩宇 王彬文[1,2] 宋巧治 李晓东[1,2] CHEN Haoyu;WANG Binwen;SONG Qiaozhi;LI Xiaodong(Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Science and Technology for Aeroacoustics and Vibration,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China;National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞机强度研究所航空声学与振动航空科技重点实验室,西安710065 [2]中国飞机强度研究所强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2024年第5期114-119,134,共7页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

基　　金：工信部民机科研项目(MJZ3-2N21(2))。

摘　　要：地面振动试验是飞机型号研制与强度验证中的重要环节,在试验设计阶段一个合理的激振方案能够显著缩短后续试验周期,提升模态辨识精度。基于飞机有限元模型采用QR分解对激振位置进行考虑试验目标的全局规划,进而引入模态参与对激振点布置方案的激振效率进行定量评估,同时针对密集模态测试问题,采用多变量模态指示函数对激励力矢量进行优化,并将上述方法应用于小型通用飞机地面振动试验中,验证优化后激振位置规划方案及密集模态识别方法的工程应用效果。结果表明:本文采用的激振方案优化方法能够显著提升试验效率,降低了密集模态辨识难度,具有较高的工程应用价值。Ground vibration test is an important part of aircraft model development and strength verification.In air-craft ground vibration test,an appropriate excitation scheme can significantly shorten the test's period and improve the accuracy of mode identification.In this paper,QR decomposition based on the finite element model is used for global planning of exciter placement,and mode participation is introduced to evaluate the plan's exciting efficiency.The multivariate mode indicator function is used to optimize the exciting force vector for closely spaced modes.Fi-nally,these methods are verified in a small general aircraft's ground vibration test,which significantly improves the test's efficiency and reduces the difficulty of closely spaced modes identification.The excitation scheme optimization method adopted in this article has high engineering application value.

关 键 词：地面振动试验 激振力矢量 QR分解 模态参与 模态识别 

分 类 号：V216.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]