论西尔维亚·普拉斯诗歌的“神话情结”  

On the"Mythological Complex"of Sylvia Plath's Poetry

作　　者：曾巍[1,2] Zeng Wei(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,China,430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院 [2]华中师范大学湖北文学理论与批评研究中心

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2024年第3期36-43,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“英美女性诗歌中的神话改写研究”(21AWW010)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：考察美国女诗人西尔维亚·普拉斯重写神话题材的诗作,可发现诗人内心中深植着一以贯之的“神话情结”。她重返古希腊悲剧舞台,与厄勒克特拉、美狄亚、达芙妮等女性角色共情、共鸣,发掘出家庭神话中三元关系的心理图式。当认识到这正是导致女性成为社会中被迫害者的根源后,她勇敢发起暴力革命,以“弑神”和“驱魔”的惊人举动推翻作为父权制象征的神像,并希望重建自我的新面貌。“变形情结”和“死亡情结”汇聚在她的后期作品中,以操演放弃生命而通往重生的神话仪式展现了“飞翔女神”的诞生过程。普拉斯的诗歌写作,创造了一个女性神话:飞升到终极边界的女神,变成了脱离具体情境的女神的完美抽象形式。In rewriting myths in her poetry,Sylvia Plath demonstrates a consistent"mythological complex"deeply rooted in her heart.She returns to ancient Greek tragedy,empathizes with such female Grek mythological characters as Electra,Medea,and Daphne,and uncovers the psychological patterns of the triadic relationships in family myths.Recognizing that this was the root cause of women being persecuted in society,Plath bravely initiates a violent revolution to overthrow the idols that symbolize patriarchy through the shocking acts of"deicide"and"exorcism,"in the hope of rebuilding a new image of herself.The"metamorphosis complex"and the"death complex"converge in her later works,which show the birth of a"flying goddess"through the mythological rituals of performing giving up one's life in order to be reborn.Plath's poetry creates a female myth:the goddess who soars to the ultimate boundary becomes a perfected,abstract form of the goddess that detaches herself from particular situations.

关 键 词：西尔维亚·普拉斯 女性诗歌 神话情结 女性神话 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]