试论雅各布森《夏洛克是我的名字》中的夏洛克形象  

On the Image of Shylock in Howard Jacobson's Shylock Is My Name

作　　者：王欣[1] 蔡沛珊 Wang Xin;Cai Peishan(College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Sichuan University,Chengdu,China,610207)

机构地区：[1]四川大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2024年第3期74-80,共7页Contemporary Foreign Literature

摘　　要：《夏洛克是我的名字》是犹太裔小说家雅各布森依据莎剧《威尼斯商人》改写的作品。基于后马克思主义理论家齐泽克关于“消隐的中介”理论,本文从过去与现在、个体与集体和犹太人与基督徒的三种互动关系解析小说中夏洛克的中介功能。作为“消隐的中介”,夏洛克来自过去,身世背景、家庭环境和社会境遇都直接复刻了《威尼斯商人》中的人物设定,但与此同时,他又出现在当代的时空之中,继而能发挥中介的作用,使过去与现在得以联结。另一方面,夏洛克促进故事内叙事进程的发展,帮助斯特鲁洛维奇获得集体认同感,并见证犹太人与基督徒之间的新一轮名誉之战。不过,夏洛克与斯特鲁洛维奇都具有“把我排除在外”的消隐特征,从侧面反映出当代英国社会中流散犹太人所处的边缘地位。Shylock Is My Name,written by Jewish novelist Howard Jacobson,is an adaptation of Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice.Based on post-Marxist theorist Zizek's theory of"a vanishing meditator,"this paper analyzes Shylock's medi-ating function from the perspective of three relationships:that between the past and the present,the individual and the collective,and the Jews and Christians.As"a vanishing mediator,"Shylock comes from the past,with his background,family environment,and social condition directly lifted from The Merchant of Venice.At the same time,he appears in contemporary time and space,playing an intermediary role of connecting the past with the present.Moreover,Shylock facilitates the development of the narrative process within the story,helps Strulovitch gain a collective identity,and witnesses a new battle for fame between Jews and Christians.However,both Shylock and Strulovitch are characteristic of"including me out,"which reflects the marginal status of the Jewish diaspora in contemporary British society.

关 键 词：霍华德·雅各布森 《夏洛克是我的名字》 改写 消隐的中介 犹太形象 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]