不同粒径聚苯乙烯颗粒暴露对孕鼠胎盘生长发育的影响  

Effects of exposure to polystyrene particles of different sizes on placental growth and develolopment in pregnant mice

作　　者：汪灵婵 刘星宇 陈雪丽 程露函 熊世敏 WANG Ling-chan;LIU Xing-yu;CHEN Xue-li;CHENG Lu-han;XIONG Shi-min(School of Public Health,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563006,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州遵义563006 [2]贵州省高等学校孕妇儿童健康与暴露科学重点实验室,贵州遵义563006

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第19期3501-3506,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2022]014,黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般614,黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]039-1);贵州省教育厅科研项目(黔技教[2023]019);遵义市科技计划项目(遵义市科合HZ字(2021)294号);国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(202210661162)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨孕期暴露于5、0.5和0.05μm聚苯乙烯塑料颗粒对哺乳动物胎盘生长发育的影响及其机制。方法 在小鼠孕期分别给予5、0.5和0.05μm聚苯乙烯塑料颗粒50 mg/kg,持续经口灌胃染毒至分娩前一天,解剖后取胎盘组织称重、计数并进行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察组织病理学改变;采用丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)试剂盒对胎盘组织氧化应激水平进行定量分析;蛋白质免疫印迹技术(Western blot)测定胎盘组织中凋亡相关蛋白表达水平。结果 与对照组相比,5μm、0.5μm和0.05μm组孕鼠体重(F=2.564,P>0.05)、胚胎着床数(F=0.319,P>0.05)和胎盘重量(F=1.225,P>0.05)均未见明显影响,但0.05μm组部分子宫连胎表面苍白。HE染色结果显示0.5μm和0.05μm组胎盘分层界限不明显,细胞分布疏松,0.05μm组迷路层面积比例明显下降(F=13.77,P<0.01),出现水肿及空泡样改变。0.5μm和0.05μm组聚苯乙烯颗粒暴露明显增加了小鼠胎盘组织MDA水平(F=6.211,P<0.01),降低SOD(F=9.853,P<0.01)、GSH-Px(F=9.071,P<0.01)和CAT(F=7.168,P<0.01)的活性,其中0.05μm组差异最为显著。Western blot检测发现,相比对照组,0.5μm和0.05μm组Cleaved Caspase-3(F=16.05,P<0.01)、Bax(F=10.80,P<0.01)蛋白表达水平增加,Bcl-2 (F=10.66,P<0.01)蛋白表达水平降低。结论 聚苯乙烯塑料颗粒通过氧化应激激活Bcl-2/Caspase-3信号通路致小鼠胎盘组织发育和生殖功能障碍,且纳米粒径颗粒表现出更强的毒性效应。Objective To investigate the effects of maternal exposure to polystyrene plastic particles of 5μm,0.5μm,and 0.05μm on the growth and development of mammalian placenta and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Pregnant mice were administered 50 mg/kg of polystyrene particles of 5μm,0.5μm,and 0.05μm via oral gavage throughout the gestation period until one day before delivery.After dissection,placental tissues were collected for weighing,counting,and histopatho-logical examination using HE staining.The oxidative stress levels in placental tissues were quantitatively analyzed using kits for malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px).The expres-sion levels of apoptosis-related proteins in placental tissues were determined using Western blotting.Results Compared to the control group,there were no significant effects on the body weight of pregnant mice(F=2.564,P>0.05),number of embryo implantations(F=0.319,P>0.05),and placental weight(F=1.225,P>0.05)in the 5μm,0.5μm,and 0.05μm groups;howev-er,the uterine surfaces in the 0.05μm group appeared pale in some areas.HE staining results indicated that the placental layers in the 0.5μm and 0.05μm groups had indistinct boundaries and a loose cell distribution.The area proportion of the labyrinth layer in the 0.05μm group significantly decreased(F=13.77,P<0.01),accompanied by edema and vacuolar changes.Exposure to 0.5μm and 0.05μm polystyrene particles significantly increased MDA levels in placental tissues S(F=6.211,P<0.01)while decreasing the activities of S0D(F=9.853,P<0.01),GSH-Px(F=9.071,P<0.01),and CAT(F=7.168,P<0.01),with the 0.05μm group showing the most pronounced differences.Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3(F=16.05,P<0.01)and Bax(F=10.80,P<0.01)proteins were increased,while the expression level of Bcl-2(F=10.66,P<0.01)was decreased in the 0.5μm and 0.05μm groups compared to the control group.Conclusion Polystyrene plastic particles induce developmental and r

关 键 词：微纳塑料 小鼠胎盘 氧化损伤 健康风险 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]