2013-2023年西安市感染性腹泻细菌病原学及流行特征分析  

Analysis of the bacterial pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023

作　　者：顾馨倩 张辉[1] 王春娟[1] 刘继锋[1] 李倩[1] 刘南[1] GU Xin-qian;ZHANG Hui;WANG Chun-juan;LIU Ji-feng;LI Qian;LIU Nan(Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第19期3620-3625,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解2013-2023年西安市感染性腹泻细菌病原学构成及其流行特征,为建立健全感染性腹泻病原学长期监测和传染病精准防控体系提供科学依据。方法 采集西安市2013-2023年肠道病哨点医院5-10月肠道门诊腹泻患者的粪便样本进行5种细菌的病原学检测。结果 本研究共纳入3 534例感染性腹泻病例,检出5种病原菌共276株,阳性检出率为7.81%;其中男性病例病原菌检出率为8.26%(157/1 901),女性为7.29%(119/1 633);5~18岁年龄组检出率最高,为12.47%,各年龄组间差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=48.819,P<0.001);每年的5-7月病原菌检出率最高,为8.99%;检出病原菌中沙门菌最多,占78.62%(217/276),其次为志贺菌的9.42%(26/276)和致泻性大肠埃希菌的8.70%(24/276)。结论 2015年后沙门菌和致泻性大肠埃希菌成为本地优势病原菌,病原菌在不同年龄组分布存在差异,且病原菌检出呈现明显的季节性。Objective To understand the composition of bacterial pathogens and the epidemiological characteristics of infec-tious diarrhea in Xi'an from 2013 to 2023,providing a scientific basis for establishing a long-term monitoring system and precise prevention and control measures for infectious diarrhea pathogens.Methods Fecal samples from diarrhea patients at-tending intestinal outpatient clinics at sentinel hospitals in Xi'an from May to October during 2013-2023 were collected for pathogenic testing of five types of bacteria.Results A total of 3534 cases of infectious diarrhea were included in this study,detecting 276 strains of five pathogens with a positive detection rate of 7.81%.Among these,the detection rate for male pa-tients was 8.26%(157/1901),while for female patients it was 7.29%(119/1633).The highest detection rate was observed in the=age group of 5 to 18 years at 12.47%,with statistically significant differences among age groups(-48.819,P<0.001),The highest detection rates of pathogens were recorded from May to July each year,reaching 8.99%.Salmonella was the most frequently de-tected pathogen,accounting for 78.62%(217/276),followed by Shigella(9.42%,26/276)and pathogenic Escherichia coli(8.70%,24/276).Conclusion After 2015,Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli became the dominant local pathogens,with differ-ences in pathogen distribution across various age groups and a clear seasonal pattern in pathogen detection.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 病原学 流行特征 监测 

分 类 号：R516[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学] R512.5