玉米不同生育期多旋翼植保无人机防治草地贪夜蛾施药参数优化  

Optimization of Operation Parameters for Multi-rotor Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)Spraying Chlorantraniliprole to Control Spodoptera frugiperda at Different Growth Stages of Maize

作　　者：肖勇 王思威[1] 雷春媚 尹飞[1] 彭争科 刘艳萍[1] 李振宇[1] 王潇楠 XIAO Yong;WANG Siwei;LEI Chunmei;YIN Fei;PENG Zhengke;LIU Yanping;LI Zhenyu;WANG Xiaonan(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China;Biological Control Technology Engineering Research Center,Institute of Biological Control,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]吉林农业大学生物防治研究所生物防治技术工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第8期31-39,共9页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400704)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较多旋翼植保无人机在玉米不同生育期施药参数对作业质量和草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)防治效果的影响,筛选最佳施药参数,为草地贪夜蛾精准用药提供科学依据。【方法】以大疆T20型六旋翼植保无人机为对象,分别在玉米大喇叭口期和抽穗期对作业高度、作业速度和喷头型号进行沉积分布优选试验以及调查药后7 d玉米上草地贪夜蛾的虫口减退率和防治效果。【结果】玉米大喇叭口期:当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s、高度为2.5 m、喷头型号为SX110015VS时,雾滴归一化平均沉积量最高为0.45μL/cm^(2);当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s、高度为1.5 m、喷头型号为SX110015VS时,雾滴密度和覆盖率平均值均最高、分别为44.92个/cm^(2)和9.31%。玉米抽穗期:当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s、高度为2.5 m,喷头型号为SX110015VS时,雾滴归一化平均沉积量、雾滴密度和覆盖率平均值均最高,分别为0.50μL/cm^(2)、82.92个/cm^(2)和7.67%。【结论】在玉米大喇叭口期和抽穗期施药参数选择时需结合田间实际病虫害发生情况,当无人机飞行速度为4 m/s、飞行高度为2.5 m,喷头型号为SX110015VS时,雾滴沉积量均最高,且施药后7 d对草地贪夜蛾的校正防效均在85%以上。【Objective】The effects of operation parameters of multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)at different growth stages of maize on deposition quality and the control efficacy of Spodoptera frugiperda were compared to select the optimal operation parameters,with an aim to provide scientific basis for precise pesticide application of S.frugiperda.【Method】DJI T20 six-rotor plant protection UAV was used as the research object,the operation parameters including flight altitude,flight speed and nozzle type were tested for optimization of deposition distribution at the trumpet stage and heading stage of maize,and the population decline rate and control effect of S.frugiperda 7 d after the application of pesticides were investigated.【Result】At trumpet stage of maize,when a SX110015VS nozzle operated at a flight speed of 4 m/s and at a flight altitude of 2.5 m above the maize canopy,the maximum normalized average droplet deposition was 0.45μL/cm^(2).When a SX110015VS nozzle operated at a flight speed of 4 m/s and a flight altitude of 1.5 m,both average droplet coverage and average droplet density were the highest,which were 44.92 drops/cm^(2)and 9.31%,respectively.At heading stage of maize,the normalized average droplet deposition,average droplet coverage and average droplet density were the highest when a SX110015VS nozzle operated at a flight speed of 4 m/s and a flight altitude of 2.5 m,which were 0.50μL/cm^(2),82.92 drops/cm^(2)and 7.67%,respectively.【Conclusion】The actual occurrence level of pests should be taken into consideration in the selection of operation parameters at trumpet stage and heading stage of maize.The highest droplet deposition was achieved when the UAV flew at a speed of 4 m/s,an altitude of 2.5 m and a nozzle type of SX110015VS,the corrected control efficiency was more than 85%after 7 days of application.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 植保无人机 生育期 施药参数 雾滴沉积分布 防治效果 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]