计算散射光谱术赋能早癌检测研究进展(特邀)  

Advances in early cancer detection enabled by computational scattering spectroscopy(invited)

作　　者：穆廷魁[1] 阿卜杜萨拉木·图尼亚孜 秦斌[2] 程妍[2] MU Tingkui;TUNIYAZI Abudusalamu;QIN Bin;CHENG Yan(MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Physics,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Department of Gastroenterology,The Second Affiliated Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学物理学院教育部物质非平衡合成与调控重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学第二附属医院消化内科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第9期159-183,共25页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62175196);陕西省数学物理基础科学研究项目(22JSY020)。

摘　　要：散射光谱术(Light Scattering Spectroscopy,LSS)是一种无创的光学检测方法,能够在细胞和亚细胞层面识别并表征早期癌变及其他人体组织变化。LSS技术通过捕获上皮细胞的单次散射光,并应用Mie散射理论推断细胞核的形状、尺寸和折射率等关键参数,从而利用这些信息进行疾病诊断。然而,将LSS技术应用于人体组织时,如何有效消除底层组织引起的漫散射光对单次散射光的干扰,仍是一个技术挑战。为应对这一挑战,研究者引入了空间门控和偏振门控等先进技术,通过利用光子的特定属性变化,实现单次散射光与背景漫散射光的有效区分和分离。经过20年的技术演进,基于这些门控技术的新型LSS系统不断涌现,并在早期癌症检测领域取得了显著成果。这些成果不仅凸显了LSS技术在早期癌症检测中的巨大潜力,还强调了其进一步研究和推广的必要性。综述全面回顾了LSS技术在早期癌症检测中的原理、单次散射光的捕获方法和系统设计,深入探讨了其历史发展、当前研究状态及最新进展。文章还讨论了LSS技术目前面临的一些关键挑战,并展望了未来的研究方向。该综述不仅使读者可以快速了解该领域的研究现状和发展趋势,也为LSS技术的进一步应用和推广提供了坚实的理论支持。Significance Gastrointestinal cancer represents a major global health challenge and is among the leading causes of death worldwide.By the time symptoms manifest,the disease is often at an advanced stage,making early detection and treatment critical for improving patient survival rates.Endoscopic surveillance is vital in identifying early lesions;However,traditional white-light endoscopy has limitations in accurately detecting early-stage lesions.This is primarily due to its reliance on replicating human vision,which can make it difficult for clinicians to precisely identify target tissue areas requiring resection.Although advanced endoscopic technologies,such as magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging(ME-NBI),have improved the visualization of early gastrointestinal cancers,these techniques are still complex,time-consuming,and heavily dependent on the expertise of endoscopists and pathologists.In this context,Light Scattering Spectroscopy(LSS)emerges as a non-invasive and highly sensitive optical technique that has been widely applied for early cancer detection.LSS is particularly effective in detecting subcellular changes in epithelial tissues,which are often the first indicators of malignancy.By capturing single-scattered light and analyzing it through Mie scattering theory,LSS can infer crucial parameters such as cell nucleus size,shape,and refractive index—key factors in accurate and early disease diagnosis.The significance of LSS lies in its ability to provide real-time,non-destructive diagnostic information,thereby guiding clinical decisions and improving patient outcomes.However,the clinical application of LSS is currently constrained by interference caused by diffuse scattering from underlying tissues.Overcoming these challenges is essential to unlock the full potential of LSS in cancer diagnostics.Progress Over the past two decades,substantial advancements in LSS have focused on improving the accuracy and reliability of this technology.Four experimental techniques have been introduced fo

关 键 词：散射光谱 早癌检测 偏振 光谱调制 MIE散射 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]