基于热阻调控方法的低温光学系统二级温区传热特性分析  

Analysis of heat transfer characteristics of 2nd temperature zone of cryogenic optical system with thermal resistance control method

作　　者：齐超 刘恩光[1] 杨宝玉[1,2] 刘国庆 QI Chao;LIU Enguang;YANG Baoyu;LIU Guoqing(Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第9期262-274,共13页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：为了实现低温光学系统二级温区的精准控温,同时不引入额外的热负载,提出了一种热阻调控方法,建立了应用于该方法的一维数学模型,运用该数学模型研究了不同真空腔温度条件下不同热阻参数(不同材料参数和几何参数)对二级温区达到热平衡后温度水平和漏热量的影响,同时将该方法和传统的电加热调控方法进行了比较。研究结果表明:当真空腔温度为定值时,随着热阻的增大,二级温区温度升高,漏热量减小;当热阻为定值时,随着真空腔温度的升高,二级温区温度升高,漏热量增大。在文中的研究工况下,当真空腔温度为253.15 K时,二级温区温度水平调节范围为111.1~185.2 K,相应的漏热量从1.75 W减小至1.10 W;当真空腔温度为293.15 K时,温度水平调节范围为120.9~219.4 K,相应的漏热量从2.58 W减小至1.57 W。电加热调控方法使二级温区热负载达到了16.8 W,是热阻调控方法的11倍左右(真空腔温度为293.15 K,二级温区目标温度为220 K左右),随着二级温区温度的升高,电加热调控方法使得系统热负载增大,热阻调控方法与之相反。热阻调控方法使低温光学系统热负载一直处于较低的水平,同时可减少系统对电功率和散热资源的需求。研究结果可为空间应用中的类似低温光学设计提供参考。Objective Adjusting the temperature of 2nd temperature zone of cryogenic optical system by applying the electrical heating control method will increase heat load on cryocooler,increase needs for electric power and heat dissipation resources of cryocooler,even decrease dependability of cryocooler in space application.When the cryogenic optical system in space payload is applicated on-orbit,a method without extra heat load on cryogenic optical system,which controlling the temperature of 2nd temperature zone accurately,is urgently needed under the condition of limited electric power and heat dissipation resource on the satellites.Methods In view of the above problems,thermal resistance control method was proposed to adjust the temperature of 2nd temperature zone of cryogenic optical system in this study.A mechanical structure used for thermal resistance control,consisted of screw,screw sleeve and heat insulated pad,was designed(Fig.2),which based on the model of dual-temperature zone of cryogenic optical system(Fig.1).A one dimensional(1D)mathematical model was developed based on this mechanical structure.The mathematical model was used to investigate heat balance temperature level and heat leakage of 2nd temperature zone.The effects of material parameters such as TC4 and 4J36 and geometric parameters such as length of screw,height of heat insulated pad,height of screw sleeve and thickness of heat insulated pad were investigated.Meanwhile,different temperature conditions of vacuum chamber were considered.Results and Discussions The experiment results show that the temperature fluctuation of 2nd temperature zone is smaller than±0.5℃within 4 hours in a row,which can be determined that the condition of thermal equilibrium is acquired.Different environmental temperature and different thermal resistance lead to the difference of heat balance temperature of 2nd temperature zone,which verifies the feasibility of thermal resistance method(Fig.5).The computed results of 1D mathematical model are in good agreement with the

关 键 词：低温光学系统 二级温区 热阻调控方法 电加热调控方法 一维数学模型 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]