面向系统韧性的城市防灾空间运行逻辑与规划优化路径  

Operation Logic and Planning Path of Urban Disaster Prevention Space for System Resilience

作　　者：夏陈红 马东辉[1,2] 郭小东[1,2] 王志涛[1,2] 王威[1,2] XIA Chenhong;MA Donghui;GUO Xiaodong;WANG Zhitao;WANG Wei

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院北京城市与工程安全减灾中心,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学抗震减灾研究所,北京100124

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第9期49-55,108,共8页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52278472);北京市自然科学基金项目(8232004)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变暖加剧以及城市化快速推进的背景下,面对更为极端、更为复杂的不确定性风险挑战而城市防灾空间系统响应不足的局面,向更具前瞻性的韧性适应模式转变将是重要解决途径。基于此,顺应治理现代化带来的“自我修复—主动适应—创新迭代”新契机,针对当前城市防灾空间规划偏重于以工程学思维为主的被动防御,以及缺乏对自身长期结构适应性、抗逆韧性考虑的现实境况,探究风险治理与防灾空间的耦合机理及抽象“图式”。从“时间动态—空间交互”视角出发,探明防灾空间韧性提升的关键干预“靶点”,将包容性、冗余性、灵活性、学习性等全周期韧性适应特征融入到防灾空间网络布局,将多尺度空间嵌套的风险分散和稀释思路融入到防灾空间搭建的全层级,构建具有风险适应与自组织发展的城市防灾空间系统韧性框架,为多层级防灾空间系统之间的耦合嵌套及落地实施提供科学支撑和决策支持。Under the background of global warming and rapid urbanization,in the face of more extreme and complex uncertain risk challenges and the lack of response to urban disaster prevention spatial system,it will be an essential solution to change to a more forward-looking resilient adaptation model.Based on this,since the current urban disaster prevention space planning focuses on passive defense based on engineering thinking and lacks consideration of its long-term structural adaptability and resilience,we will adapt to the new opportunity of "self-repair-active adaptation-innovation iteration" brought by governance modernization,and deeply explore the coupling mechanism and abstract "schema" of risk resilience governance and disaster prevention space.From the perspective of "time-dynamic and spatial interaction",the key intervention "targets" for improving the resilience of disaster prevention space are identified.The full-cycle adaptive characteristics such as inclusiveness,redundancy,flexibility,and learning are integrated into the disaster prevention spatial network,and the idea of risk dispersion and dilution of multi-scale spatial nesting is integrated into the whole level of disaster prevention spatial construction.To construct a resilience framework of urban disaster prevention spatial system with risk adaptation and self-organization development,and provide scientific support and decision support for coupling nesting and implementation among multi-level disaster prevention spatial systems.

关 键 词：防灾空间 系统韧性 运行机理 时空融合 规划优化 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]