水资源要素禀赋改善是否促进了经济高质量发展?——基于“南水北调”工程的准自然实验  

Does Improvement in Water Resource Endowment Promote High-quality Economic Development?——A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China

作　　者：戴蔚 于恩平 倪中新[1] DAI Wei;YU En-ping;NI Zhong-xin(School of Economics,Shanghai University,200444)

机构地区：[1]上海大学经济学院,200444

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2024年第9期60-68,共9页Shanghai Journal of Economics

摘　　要：本文基于“南水北调”工程的准自然实验,实证检验了水资源要素禀赋的改善对受水地区经济高质量发展各个指标维度的影响效应。研究发现,“南水北调”工程的通水能够显著促进受水城市产业结构的高级化,提升受水城市的创新能力,增加地方政府财政收入和城市金融资源的供给,提高当地的经济发展成果共享水平。与此同时,受水城市的工业污水排放强度显著降低,可见调水工程并没有增加高污水排放企业向受水地区的转移。进一步的分析表明,缺水更加严重的城市通过调水工程释放了更多的发展潜力。以上结论凸显了统筹调配水资源要素的重要性和必要性。在推进实施要素调配工程时,政府部门应坚持系统性和科学性原则,适度向要素短缺程度更高的城市倾斜。This paper employs the PSM-DID method to empirically test the impact of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project on various dimensions of high-quality economic development in the recipient areas.The main findings indicate that the implementation of the water diversion project significantly promotes the upgrading of the industrial structure,enhances the innovation abilities,increases local government fiscal revenues,augments the urban financial resources and improves the sharing level of economic development achievements.Concurrently,the intensity of industrial wastewater discharge in recipient cities has notably decreased,suggesting that the water diversion project has not led to an increased transfer of highly polluting enterprises to the recipient areas.Further analysis reveals that cities facing more severe water shortages have unlocked greater development potential through the water diversion project.These conclusions demonstrate the importance and necessity of coordinating the allocation of water resources.The government should systematically implement the resource allocation projects and moderately prioritize cities with more severe water shortages.

关 键 词：“南水北调” 统筹调配 要素禀赋 高质量发展 异质性分析 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] F29