医疗机构HIV初筛阳性报告流行病学调查分析  

Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis of HIV Screening Positive Report in Medical Institutions

作　　者：刘小明 LIU Xiaoming(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xiushui County First People's Hospital,Xiushui 332400,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]修水县第一人民医院检验科,江西修水332400

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第19期58-61,共4页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的 了解医疗机构HIV初筛阳性病例的感染状况和流行病学特征,为制定艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2021年3月-2023年5月修水县第一人民医院艾滋病防治信息系统中报告的141例HIV初筛阳性病例的传播途径、样本来源、人口学特征等情况进行分析。结果 2021年3月-2023年5月我院累计报告HIV初筛阳性病例141例,年均报告感染率4.1/10万,男132例、女9例,男女性别比为14.67∶1;以20~49岁的青壮年为主,占病例总数的82.27%;职业以商业服务和家务及待业为主,共占56.74%;文化程度以大专及以上为主,占病例总数的72.34%;141例病例中,除1例为针刺伤传播外,其余140例均为性传播,占99.29%,其中男男同性传播占69.50%;样本来源居前3位的是咨询检测(80例)、其他就诊者检测(28例)和术前检测(18例),三者共占89.36%。结论 目前修水县为艾滋病低流行区,感染者以流动人口、男性青壮年为主,传播途径以男男同性传播为主,应加大对男男同性人群的检测咨询和健康教育,阻止艾滋病的传播和扩散。Objective To understand the infection status and epidemiological characteristics of HIV screening positive cases in medical institutions,and to provide scientific basis for the development of AIDS prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the transmission route,sample source and demographic characteristics of 141 HIV screening positive cases reported in the AIDS prevention and control information system of Xiushui County First People's Hospital from March 2021 to May 2023.Results From March 2021 to May 2023,a total of 141 HIV screening positive cases were reported in our hospital,with an average annual reported infection rate of 4.1/100000,including 132 males and 9 females,with a male to female ratio of 14.67∶1.Most of the cases were young adults aged 20-49 years,accounting for 82.27%of the total cases.The occupations were mainly business services and housework and unemployment,accounting for 56.74%.The education level was mainly college degree or above,accounting for 72.34%of the total number of cases.Among the 141 cases,except for 1 case of needlestick injury transmission,the remaining 140 cases were sexually transmitted,accounting for 99.29%,of which male homosexual transmission accounted for 69.50%.The top three sample sources were counseling and testing(80 cases),other clinic testing(28 cases)and preoperative examination(18 cases),accounting for 89.36%.Conclusion At present,Xiushui County is a low prevalence area of AIDS.The infected people are mainly floating population and male young adults.The transmission route is mainly male homosexual transmission.It is necessary to increase the detection and counseling and health education for male homosexuals to prevent the spread and spread of AIDS.

关 键 词：医疗机构 HIV 初筛阳性 流行病学 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]