北京市典型溶剂使用类园区VOCs污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Typical Solvent-using Industrial Parks in Beijing

作　　者：刘瑞[1] 姚震 化晓卉 郭秀锐[1] 王海林 齐峰 LIU Rui;YAO Zhen;HUA Xiao-hui;GUO Xiu-rui;WANG Hai-lin;QI Feng(Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection,Beijing 100037,China;Urban Operation Bureau,Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与生命学部,北京100124 [2]北京市生态环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [3]北京经济技术开发区城市运行管理局,北京100176

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第10期5661-5670,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：北京市生态环境保护科学研究院基金项目(Y2020-011)。

摘　　要：采用BCT-7800A PLUS挥发性有机物在线监测系统,于2023年1~6月对北京市典型有机溶剂使用类园区大气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的污染特征、来源解析以及臭氧生成潜势(OFP)进行研究,并对采暖和非采暖期污染变化进行比较分析.结果表明,2023年1~6月该园区ρ(TVOCs)为(104.21±91.31)μg·m^(-3),偏南风和偏北风作用下的ρ(TVOCs)分别为(214.18±202.37)μg·m^(-3)和(197.56±188.35)μg·m^(-3).烷烃是浓度平均值和贡献率最高的物种,分别为(45.53±41.43)μg·m^(-3)和31.70%.采暖期的ρ(TVOCs)高于非采暖期,分别为(111.57±83.96)μg·m^(-3)和(87.92±75.03)μg·m-3,其中丙烷和乙烷为采暖期浓度平均值最大的物种.与非采暖期相比,VOCs浓度前10物种中有3种(丙烷、乙烷和正丁烷)在采暖期的浓度平均值增加,浓度平均值分别增加了51.94%、54.64%和26.32%.基于正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型源解析结果表明,监测期间园区VOCs的主要来源为:印刷排放源(4.95%)、油气挥发源(9.52%)、燃料燃烧源(15.44%)、交通排放源(18.97%)、电子设备制造源(24.59%)和工业涂装源(26.52%).与非采暖期相比,工业涂装源、交通排放源和燃料燃烧源在采暖期的贡献率更高,VOCs浓度分别增加了15.02%、16.53%和24.98%.监测期间5~6月VOCs的OFP平均值为198.51μg·m^(-3),OVOCs、烯烃和芳香烃对OFP的贡献最大,贡献率分别为47.41%、22.15%和18.41%.电子设备制造源是该园区夏季OFP最大的贡献源,其贡献率为30.11%,因此电子设备制造源对园区夏季臭氧污染影响较大,应加强治理.The BCT-7800A PLUS VOC online monitor system was employed to measure ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in a typical solvent-using industrial park in Beijing.From January to June 2023,the pollution characteristics,source apportionment,and ozone formation potential(OFP)of VOCs were studied,and the results of a comparative analysis were also discussed between heating and non-heating periods.The results indicated that VOC concentrations from January to June 2023 were(104.21±91.31)μg·m^(-3)on average.The concentrations of TVOCs under the influence of southerly and northerly winds were(214.18±202.37)μg·m^(-3)and(197.56±188.3)μg·m^(-3),respectively.Alkanes were the species with the highest average concentration and proportion,respectively(45.53±41.43)μg·m^(-3).The VOC concentration during the heating period was higher than those during the non-heating period,with values of(111.57±83.96)μg·m^(-3)and(87.92±75.03)μg·m^(-3),respectively.Propane and ethane were the species with the highest average concentration during the heating period.Compared with those in the non-heating period,the average concentrations of three species(propane,ethane,and n-butane)in the top ten species increased during the heating period,with average concentrations increasing by 51.94%,54.64%,and 26.32%,respectively.The source apportionment results based on the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model indicated that the major sources of VOCs in the park during the monitoring period were printing emission sources(4.95%),oil and gas evaporation sources(9.52%),fuel combustion sources(15.44%),traffic emissions sources(18.97%),electronic equipment manufacturing(24.59%),and industrial painting sources(26.52%).Therefore,industrial painting sources,electronic equipment manufacturing sources,and traffic emissions sources were the emission sources that the park should focus on controlling.Compared with those during non-heating periods;industrial painting,traffic emission,and fuel combustion sources contributed more during the heating perio

关 键 词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 溶剂使用类园区 采暖期 污染特征 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 来源解析 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]