珠三角夏秋转换季臭氧污染成因及前体物减排策略分析  

Analysis of Ozone Pollution and Precursor Control Strategies in the Pearl River Delta During Summer and Autumn Transition Season

作　　者：尉晴晴 杨威强 裴成磊 王新明[4] YU Qing-qing;YANG Wei-qiang;PEI Cheng-lei;WANG Xin-ming(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Guangdong Industry Polytechnic,Guangzhou 510300,China;Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Guangzhou 510045,China;Joint Laboratory for Atmospheric Photochemistry,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Guangzhou 510045,China;State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangzhou Sub-branch of Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广东轻工职业技术学院轻化工技术学院,广州510300 [2]广东省环境科学研究院,广州510045 [3]粤港澳生态环境科学中心大气光化学联合研究实验室,广州510045 [4]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [5]广东省广州生态环境监测中心站,广州510060

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第10期5695-5705,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J1538);国家自然科学基金项目(42207138,41907196);广东轻工职业技术学院校级科研项目(KJ2022-13);有机地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLOG202003);广东省教育厅普通高校重点领域专项(2022ZDZX4067)。

摘　　要：为分析夏秋转换季珠三角地区臭氧(O_(3))污染成因及防控策略,以珠三角中心城市广州为例,在综合观测基础上,使用盒子模型分析O_(3)生消路径及减排方案.结果表明,观测期间呈静稳气象条件且温度偏高,非常适宜O_(3)的二次生成,并导致出现大范围长时间O_(3)污染.芳香烃类物质对O_(3)生成潜势(OFP)贡献最大,间/对-二甲苯、甲苯和邻-二甲苯是对OFP贡献最大的挥发性有机物(VOCs)物种.盒子模型分析发现污染期间O_(3)平均净生成速率为23.2×10^(-9) h^(-1),峰值可高达39.2×10^(-9) h^(-1);HO_(2)·+NO和NO_(2)+·OH反应途径分别对本地光化学O_(3)生成(51.2%)和去除(47.0%)贡献率最大,观测O_(3)体积分数受本地光化学O_(3)生成和以输出性为主的传输共同控制.相对增量反应活性(RIR)和经验动力学模型曲线(EKMA)分析可知,夏秋转换季广州市O_(3)生成主要受VOCs控制,芳香烃类对O_(3)生成敏感性最大,其中甲苯、间/对-二甲苯、邻-二甲苯、正丁烷和丙烯是影响O_(3)生成的5大关键组分.削减情景分析表明,单独减少人为源VOCs排放最有利降低O_(3)体积分数,但若在减排人为源VOCs后再强化NO_(x)排放管控,则会使O_(3)体积分数短时反弹,结果表明实施以VOCs减排为主的VOCs和NO_(x)协同减排策略才能使未来O_(3)体积分数持续降低.To analyze the causes of ozone pollution in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)Region during the summer and autumn transition seasons,a case study was carried out in Guangzhou,which is located in the center of the PRD Region,to analyze the ozone photochemical production and destruction pathways as well as emission reduction scenarios using a box model based on comprehensive observation.The results showed that the stagnant meteorological conditions and high temperature during the observation period were suitable for the photochemical production of ozone,which led to widespread and prolonged ozone pollution.Aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)contributed the most to the ozone formation potential(OFP),and m/p-xylene,toluene,and o-xylene were the major three VOC species contributing to the OFP.Box model analysis revealed that the averaged net O_(3)production rate during the polluted period was 23.2×10^(-9) h^(-1) and the peak reached 39.2×10^(-9) h^(-1).The HO_(2)·+NO and NO_(2)+·OH reaction pathways contributed the most to the local photochemical ozone production(51.2%)and destruction(47.0%),respectively.Observed ozone concentration was primarily controlled by both the local photochemical O_(3)production and the export-dominated transport.The RIR and EKMA analyses showed that O_(3)formation in Guangzhou during the summer-autumn transition seasons was mainly a VOC-limited regime and AHs showed the greatest sensitivity to O_(3)production.Toluene,m/p-xylene,o-xylene,n-butane,and propylene were the five key components affecting O_(3)generation.The analysis of reduction scenarios showed that reducing anthropogenic VOC emissions was the most favorable way to reduce O_(3)concentrations;however,if NO_(x)emission was controlled after reducing VOCs,the O_(3)concentration would rebound in a short time.Our results suggested that the synergistic reduction of VOCs and NO_(x)while mainly focusing on VOCs alleviation should be implemented to continuously reduce ozone concentrations in the future.

关 键 词：珠三角(PRD) 盒子模型 臭氧(O_(3))成因 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 减排分析 

分 类 号：X515[环境科学与工程—环境工程]