基于摆锤加载岩杆SHPB装置的充填体动态力学特性测试方法  

Test method of dynamic mechanical properties of filling body based on pendulum-loaded rock bar SHPB device

作　　者：牛雷雷 王聪 朱万成 骆柯 仝文慧 NIU Leilei;WANG Cong;ZHU Wancheng;LUO Ke;TONG Wenhui(Center for Rock Instability and Seismicity Research,Department of Mining Engineering,School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院采矿工程系岩石破裂与失稳研究所,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2024年第9期142-153,共12页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2903903);国家自然科学基金(52374081,U1906208);黑龙江揭榜挂帅项目(2021ZXJ02A04-03)。

摘　　要：针对充填体试样SHPB(split Hopkinson pressure bar)试验测试中存在的透射波测量的难点问题,采用岩石长杆代替钢杆作为入射杆和透射杆的方法改进摆锤冲击加载SHPB试验系统,探讨了SHPB试验中黏弹性波的传播及波阻抗匹配问题;基于应力波在岩石杆件系统中的传播规律研究,定义了应力波在入射杆和透射杆上传播的黏性衰减系数、试样-岩杆界面的透反射衰减系数;基于Kelvin-Voigt模型,利用一维波动分析程序,得到了岩石杆件-充填体的波阻抗匹配系数与透反射衰减系数的关系;依据现场充填体特性、波阻抗匹配系数和透反射衰减系数,选取了四种岩石长杆改进摆锤冲击加载SHPB试验装置;利用一维波动分析程序,计算了岩杆的黏性系数、充填体和岩杆界面的应力和应变,分析了透射波的波形特征和信噪比,发现四种岩石与充填体波阻抗的匹配程度从好到差依次为绿砂岩、花岗岩、大理岩、玄武岩;建立了以绿砂岩为入射杆和透射杆的摆锤冲击加载SHPB试验系统,开展了充填体的动态冲击试验,验证了试样中的应力平衡。In order to deal with the difficulty of measuring the transmitted wave in the backfilling SHPB(split Hopkinson pressure bar)test,rock bars are used to instead of steel bar as the incident bar and transmitted bar for improving the pendulum hammer driven SHPB system.The wave impedance matching formula and viscoelastic wave propagation in SHPB test is proposed.Based on the study of stress wave propagation in rock bar systems,the viscosity attenuation coefficients of stress wave propagation in the incident and transmitted rock bars and the reflection and transmission attenuation coefficient of the rock bar-backfilling body are defined.Based on the Kelvin-Voigt model,the effects of rock bar density and wave velocity on the transmitted wave measured of the filling body in the SHPB tests were simulated and analyzed by using a one-dimensional wave propagation analysis procedure.The relationship between the wave impedance matching coefficient and the reflection and transmission attenuation coefficient of the rock bar-backfilling body were obtained.According to the characteristics of field backfilling,the wave impedance matching coefficient and the reflection and transmission attenuation coefficient,four long rock bars were selected to modify the pendulum hammer driven SHPB system.The viscosity coefficient of the rock bar was measured and stresses and strains on the interfaces of rock bar and backfilling body were calculated by using the one-dimensional wave propagation analysis procedure.The stress waveform characteristics and signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted waves were analyzed.The matching degree of four kinds of rock bars and backfilling wave impedance from good to poor is obtained,which is green sandstone,granite,marble and basalt.The dynamic impacting experiment on the filling body was conducted and the stress balance in the sample was verified.The pendulum hammer driven SHPB system with green sandstone incident bar and transmission bar is established,which provides support for the dynamic mechanical characte

关 键 词：波阻抗匹配 SHPB Kelvin-Voigt模型 岩石杆件 

分 类 号：O348.3[理学—固体力学]