森林可燃物含水率对气象因素的响应特征  

Response Characteristics of Forest Fuel Moisture Content to Meteorological Factors

作　　者：李煜姗 毕晨 LI Yushan;BI Chen(Jiangxi Provincial Meteorological Service Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象服务中心,南昌330096

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2024年第3期21-28,共8页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：江西省科技专项项目(20222-051245)。

摘　　要：可燃物含水率是影响森林火灾发生发展的重要因子。探究不同气象因子对可燃物含水率变化的影响,并找出主要气象因子,对分析森林火灾发生的有利天气条件以及准确模拟森林火灾发生和火势蔓延具有重要意义。研究以南昌茶园山生态实验林场为例,系统地分析了2013—2015年森林防火期内林场4种森林可燃物含水率与气象因子的变化规律及因子间的相互关系。利用冗余分析法进一步研究了各气象因子对不同可燃物含水率的影响程度。结果表明:平均气温、最高气温均随时间先升高后降低,10月达最高;降水量和连续无降水日数月际变化较大,但在3、4月降水增多,连续无降水日数减短。4种可燃物含水率变化规律较为一致,均为4月较高,10月、1月较低,且相同时期内活可燃物含水率高于死可燃物含水率,具体表现为阔叶>灌木>0~2 cm凋落物>湿度棒。相关分析结果显示可燃物含水率与降水量、相对湿度呈显著正相关,与连续无降水日数呈极显著负相关。冗余分析结果表明,气象因子对可燃物含水率影响大小排序为:降水量>连续无降水日数>相对湿度>平均气温>最高气温>风速,与降水有关系的因子为影响可燃物含水率变化的主控气象因子。Moisture content of forest fuels is an important factor involving in the occurrence,development and spread of forest fire,which is also closely associated with meteorological factors.It is important to study the effects of different meteorological factors on the moisture content of forest fuels,find out the main control meteorological factors,which is meaningful to analyze the occurrence conditions of forest fire and simulate its occurrence and spread accurately.Therefore,this study was conducted in Chayuanshan forest farm.The change rules of fuels moisture contents and meteorological factors during forest fire prevention period in 2013—2015 were analyzed,as well as their relationships.Furthermore,a redundancy analysis method(RDA)was used to study the influence of each meteorological factor on the moisture content of different fuels.Average temperature and the maximum temperature were increased first,followed by a significant decrease during the study period and peaked in October.The precipitation and continuous days without precipitation differed greatly among different months,the precipitations were relatively high in March and April,while the continuous days without precipitation were less.The changes of moisture content of different fuels were similar,the values were higher in April,lower in October and January.In the same month,the moisture content of live fuels was higher than the dead fuels following as:broadleaf>bush>litter>humidity stick.Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between moisture content and precipitation or relative humidity,and a significant negative correlation between moisture content and continuous days without precipitation.Through the analysis using RDA,the influence degree of meteorological factors on the moisture contents ranked as,precipitation>continuous days without precipitation>relative humidity>average temperature>maximum temperature>wind speed.The results revealed that the factors related to precipitation were the main meteorological factors controll

关 键 词：森林火灾 含水率 降水量 温度 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]