急性高强度间歇运动和中等强度持续运动对超重和肥胖青年异位脂肪的影响  

Acute effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on ectopic lipid in overweight and obese youth

作　　者：路则鹏 李娇[2] 加林·加恒努尔 薛华丹[2] 包大鹏 Lu Zepeng;Li Jiao;Jialin Jiahengnuer;Xue Huadan;Bao Dapeng(Sports Coaching College,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;China Institute of Sport and Health Science,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学竞技体育学院,北京100084 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院,北京100730 [3]北京体育大学中国运动与健康研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2024年第8期619-627,共9页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2000602)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨急性高强度间歇运动(HIIT)和中等强度持续运动(MICT)对超重和肥胖青年异位脂肪的影响。方法:20位超重和肥胖被试,年龄24.15±1.98岁,进行2次交叉随机自身对照试验,分别为:1)HIIT,高强度运动以85% VO_(2max)强度骑行9组×2 min/组;低强度运动以25%VO_(2max)强度骑行10组×2min/组,以25%VO_(2max)强度开始,以25%VO_(2max)强度结束;2)MICT,以50%VO_(2max)强度持续骑行60 min,功率自行车转速为50~55 rpm,每次干预间隔7天。在运动前、运动后即刻、运动后60 min和运动后120 min等4个时间点分别对被试进行磁共振成像(MRI)扫描,采集股直肌、股二头肌和肝脏的脂肪分数(FF)和自旋弛豫率(R2*),测试结果采用双因素重复测量方差分析进行数据分析。结果:运动后即刻HIIT和MICT组股直肌FF均显著低于干预前(P<0.05),但两组之间无显著差异;MICT组股直肌FF在运动60 min后恢复至运动前水平,而HIIT组股直肌FF在运动120 min后恢复至运动前水平。运动干预前后,两组股二头肌和肝脏FF均没有发生显著变化(P>0.05)。运动干预后即刻HIIT和MICT组股直肌R2*均显著低于干预前(P<0.05),且运动120 min后两组股直肌R2*仍显著低于运动前(P<0.05),两组之间没有显著差异。运动干预后即刻两组股二头肌和肝脏R2*均显著升高(P<0.05);运动120 min后HIIT组肝脏R2*恢复至运动前水平,而MICT组肝脏R2*仍显著低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论:急性HIIT和MICT均可有效减少超重和肥胖青年的工作肌内脂肪,不能减少肝脏脂肪;急性HIIT和MICT的脂肪消耗效果相似;单次运动对主动肌的减脂效果优于拮抗肌。Objective To compare the acute effect of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)on ectopic lipid levels in overweight and obese youth.Methods Twenty obese or overweight subjects,aged 24.15±1.98 years,participated in two crossover randomized own-control trials of HIIT and MICT.In HIIT,participants performed high-intensity cycling at85%VO_(2max)for 9 sets of 2 minutes,interspersed with low-intensity cycling at 25%VO_(2max)for 10 sets of 2 minutes each and the session started and ended with low-intensity cycling at 25%VO_(2max).However,in MICT,all participants cycled continuously at 50%VO_(2max)for 60 minutes,maintaining a pedaling speed of 50-55 rpm,with a 7-day interval between the two interventions.Before,as well as immediately,60 and 120 minutes after exercise intervention,all subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans to observe the fat fraction(FF)and spin relaxation rate R2*of the rectus femoris,biceps femoris and liver.Results Rectus femoris FF decreased significantly immediately after HIIT and MICT(P<0.05),without significant differences.Moreover,sixty minutes after MICT,rectus femoris FF returned to pre-exercise levels,while 120 minutes after HIIT,the values restored to the pre-exercise levels.However,no significant changes were found in the biceps femoris and liver FF before and after the two exercise interventions(P>0.05).Meanwhile,the rectus femoris R2*was significantly lower in both the HIIT and MICT groups immediately after exercise(P<0.05)and remained significantly lower in both groups 120 minutes after the exercise(P<0.05),with no significant differences between the two groups.Biceps femoris and liver R2*were significantly higher in both groups immediately after the exercise intervention(P<0.05).Liver R2*returned to pre-exercise levels 120 minutes after HIIT group,but remained significantly lower than pre-intervention levels after MICT(P<0.05).Conclusion Both acute HIIT and MICT are effective in reducing intramuscular fat in the working mu

关 键 词：高强度间歇运动 中等强度持续运动 异位脂肪 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学] R589.2[文化科学—体育学]