鼻唇沟区面动脉分支的应用解剖学研究  

Applied anatomical study of facial artery branches in the nasolabial groove area

作　　者：丛源 刘静雯 孙晓旭 张春菊 顿爱社 CONG Yuan;LIU Jing-wen;SUN Xiao-xu;ZHANG Chun-ju;DUN Ai-she(Grade 2021 of Stomatology,School of Stomatology,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan Shandong 250117,China;Department of Introduction to Medicine,School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan Shandong 250117,China;Department of Basic Oral Medicine,School of Stomatology,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan Shandong 250117,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学口腔医学院,山东济南250117 [2]山东第一医科大学临床与基础医学院医学概论教研室,山东济南250117 [3]山东第一医科大学口腔医学院口腔基础医学教研室,山东济南250117

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2024年第10期882-886,共5页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

基　　金：校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2022104391689);2023年泰安市科技创新发展项目(政策引导类)(2023NS245);2023横向科研项目(20230930001)。

摘　　要：目的通过解剖观测鼻唇沟区面动脉分支及其周围毗邻结构的行程、径线,以及位置关系,为临床医师进行面部美容修复手术提供参考。方法对40例成人头颈部标本进行实地解剖,观察鼻唇沟区面动脉的分支、面静脉、面神经的行程及位置,测量其径线,记录相关数据。结果鼻唇沟区面动脉分支情况分为4种类型:Ⅰ型(上唇型)占12.5%,Ⅱ型(鼻型)占62.5%,Ⅲ型(经典型)占20.0%,Ⅳ型(双重型)占5.0%。鼻唇沟区面动脉与面静脉的位置关系有4种:口唇段面动脉位于面静脉内侧占42.5%,口唇段面动脉位于面静脉外侧占32.5%,两者紧贴并包裹在一个筋膜鞘中占17.5%,口唇段面动脉与面静脉主干交叉,静脉位于动脉深面占7.5%。面动脉与面神经下颌缘支的位置关系有3种:面动脉位于面神经下颌缘支深面占87.5%,面动脉位于面神经下颌缘支浅面占7.5%,面动脉被面神经下颌缘支分两支经其浅面或深面夹持或环抱占5.0%。结论鼻唇沟区面动脉与面静脉、面神经的位置关系复杂,熟悉其位置关系可避免鼻唇沟手术过程中损伤血管神经,减少手术并发症,提高手术安全性。Objective To observe the course and diameter of facial artery branches and its adjacent structures in nasolabial groove area and the positional relationship,so as to provide reference for clinicians to carry out facial cosmetic repair surgery.Methods A total of 40 adult head and neck specimens were dissected on the spot,and the course and position of the facial artery branches,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area were observed,their diameters were measured,and relevant data were recorded.Results There were 4 types of facial artery branches in the nasolabial groove area:typeⅠ(upper lip type)accounted for 12.5%,typeⅡ(nasal type)accounted for 62.5%,typeⅢ(classical type)accounted for 20.0%,and typeⅣ(double severe type)accounted for 5.0%.There were 4 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the facial vein in the nasolabial groove area:42.5%of the orofacial artery was located on the medial side of the facial vein,32.5%of the orofacial artery was located on the lateral side of the facial vein,17.5%of the two were close to and wrapped in a fascial sheath,7.5%of the orofacial artery and the main trunk of the facial vein were crossed,and the vein was located in the deep surface of the artery.There were 3 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve:87.5%of the facial artery was deep on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,7.5%of the facial artery was superficial on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,and 5.0%of the facial artery was held or surrounded by two branches of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve on the superficial or deep surface.Conclusion The positional relationship among facial artery,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area is complicated.Familiarity with its positional relationship can avoid damaging blood vessels and nerves during the nasorabial groove surgery,reduce surgical complications and improve surgical safety.

关 键 词：面动脉 面静脉 面神经 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]