谷物施肥机变量施肥控制系统优化及试验  

Optimization and Experimental Study of Variable Fertilizer Application Control System for Grain Fertilizer Applicator

作　　者：邱冬雪 QIU Dongxue(Liaoning Agricultural Mechanization Development Center,Shenyang 110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业机械化发展中心,沈阳110036

出　　处：《农机使用与维修》2024年第10期19-21,共3页Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance

摘　　要：谷物施肥机的施肥控制系统在作业过程中起着关键作用,然而传统系统存在施肥效率低下和资源利用不均等问题。该文针对以上问题提出基于遗传算法的优化方案,建立液肥变量施肥控制系统的负反馈控制模型,结合GA算法优化施肥量的空间分布和时间分配,实现了施肥效果和资源利用的最大化,并选取传统的PID算法及模糊PID算法开展对照试验。田间试验结果表明,基于遗传算法的模糊PID控制的响应时间为4.9 s,小于传统PID控制的8.5 s和模糊PID控制的7.3 s,优化后的控制系统能够显著提高施肥效率和作物生长表现。为农业机械化施肥系统的优化设计提供了新的思路和方法。The fertilization control system of the grain fertilizer applicator plays a key role in the operation process,but the traditional system has problems such as inefficient fertilization and uneven use of resources.In order to solve the above problems,an optimization scheme based on genetic algorithm is proposed,a negative feedback control model of liquid fertilizer variable fertilization control system is established,and the spatial distribution and time allocation of fertilizer amount are optimized by combining GA algorithm to maximize the fertilization effect and resource utilization,and the traditional PID algorithm and fuzzy PID algorithm are selected to carry out control experiments.The field results showed that the response time of the fuzzy PID control based on genetic algorithm was 4.9 s,which was lower than that of the traditional PID control of 8.5 s and the fuzzy PID control of 7.3 s,and the optimized control system could significantly improve the fertilization efficiency and crop growth performance.This paper provides new ideas and methods for the optimal design of agricultural mechanized fertilization system.

关 键 词：谷物播种机 液肥施肥控制 负反馈控制模型 遗传算法优化 田间试验 

分 类 号：S224.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]