江西省猕猴桃褐斑病发生情况、病原鉴定与高效药剂筛选  

Occurrence,pathogen identification and laboratory screening of efficient fungicides of kiwifruit brown leaf spot in Jiangxi

作　　者：李海源 李娟 胡妍月 孙杨[1] 葛翠莲 陈小留 石丽娟 黄水金[1] LI Haiyuan;LI Juan;HU Yanyue;SUN Yang;GE Cuilian;CHEN Xiaoliu;SHI Lijuan;HUANG Shuijin(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control and Waste Comprehensive Utilization,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Wuning County,Wuning 332300,Jiangxi,China;Economic Crop Bureau of Yushan County,Yushan 334700,Jiangxi,China;Fruit Industry Development Service Center of Xunwu County,Xunwu 342200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所·农业面源污染防控与废弃物综合利用江西省重点实验室,南昌330200 [2]武宁县农业技术推广中心,江西武宁332300 [3]玉山县经济作物局,江西玉山334700 [4]寻乌县果业发展服务中心,江西寻乌342200

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第10期2067-2078,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202431);江西省猕猴桃产业技术体系(JXARS-05-病虫害防治岗位)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确江西省猕猴桃褐斑病发生情况及其病原,筛选能有效抑制病原的杀菌剂,为猕猴桃褐斑病防控提供新的依据。【方法】以猕猴桃褐斑病为研究对象,调查江西省猕猴桃褐斑病发生情况。对褐斑病主要流行区的病叶进行病原分离,通过科赫氏法则验证、形态观察和分子鉴定确定病原。采用菌丝生长速率法对9种药剂进行室内毒力测定。【结果】猕猴桃褐斑病在赣西和赣北发生严重,11个调查点位中5个点位发病等级中值在5级及以上;猕猴桃褐斑病在赣东和赣南发生较轻,10个调查点位的发病等级中值均为0。通过科赫氏法则验证、形态观察和分子鉴定,确定病原为多主棒孢(Corynespora cassiicola)。室内药剂毒力测定结果表明,丙硫菌唑、环丙唑醇、克菌丹和腈菌唑对猕猴桃褐斑病菌具有极强的抑制作用,EC_(50)分别为17.36,6.97,5.30和2.50μg·mL^(-1)。【结论】猕猴桃褐斑病在赣北和赣西发生严重,病原鉴定为多主棒孢;丙硫菌唑、环丙唑醇、克菌丹和腈菌唑可作为猕猴桃褐斑病防治的潜在高效药剂。【Objective】Kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease is the second largest disease in many places after the bacterial canker disease,which often causes a large number of fallen leaves,resulting in bare branches and yield losses.This study aims to understand the occurrence of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in Jiangxi province,clarify the pathogens of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease,and screen of fungicides that can effectively inhibit the pathogens,helping for the prevention and control of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in Jiangxi.【Methods】A survey was conducted on the occurrence of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in kiwifruit experimental stations in four regions including east,west,south,and north of Jiangxi.Twenty-one orchards distributed in 4 counties named Wuning,Fengxin,Yushan,and Xunwu were included in this research,a 0 to 9 scale evaluation criterion of kiwifruit brown leaf spot was used to evaluate the disease severity of individual leaves,and a parallel line sampling method with 5 lines in each orchard was used to evaluate the disease severity of different orchards.Then,tissue isolation of pathogens was conducted on diseased leaves collected from the epidemic area of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in Jiangxi province.Leaf segments(approximately 1 cm~2)were excised from the margins of lesions were washed in sterile water,surface sterilized in 75%ethanol for 45 s,washed again in sterile water,dried on sterilized filter papers,and placed on PDA medium containing streptomycin.Cultures were incubated at 25℃in dark until colons grown out from leaf tissues,and isolates were purified from the hypha edge of colons.The pathogenicity was validated by Koch's postulates,the surface of leaves of kiwifruit cultivar Jinguo was sterilized with 75%ethanol for 1 min,washed with sterilized water,wiped with clean soft paper,wounded with sterilized needles,and inoculated with mycelial plugs from PDA plates,inoculated leaves were incubated at 25℃in dark for 5 days.The morphology of pathogen was preliminarily i

关 键 词：猕猴桃 褐斑病 病情调查 病原菌鉴定 多主棒孢 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学] S436.634[农业科学—园艺学]