山西省红芸豆根瘤菌的筛选及其促生效果研究  

Screening of rhizobia from red kidney bean in Shanxi province and its growth promoting effects

作　　者：李钰 李朦 王若迪 郭志奋 武文丽 杨治平 张家星 闫敏 LI Yu;LI Meng;WANG Ruo-di;GUO Zhi-fen;WU Wen-li;YANG Zhi-ping;ZHANG Jia-xing;YAN Min(College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031;Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太原030031 [2]土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第8期211-220,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2021YFD1600603-05);山西省科技重大专项计划项目(202201140601028);山西省1331工程项目(20211331-15);山西省重点研发技术项目(202202140601010)。

摘　　要：红芸豆作为山西省重要的小杂粮作物,普遍存在结瘤率、产量和品质低等问题,接种根瘤菌是解决这些难题的有效途径。以‘英国红’红芸豆为供试材料,利用从红芸豆根系中分离出的10株根瘤菌进行接种试验,共11个处理。结果表明,从山西省忻州市红芸豆主栽区红芸豆根瘤中分离的根瘤菌分属Rhizobium indicum和Rhizobium etli,其中Rhizobium indicum的RH64菌株固氮酶活性和胞外多糖含量最高,分别达到253.22 U·L^(-1)和415.43 mg·L^(-1);RH130菌株分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)能力最强,为40.12 mg·L^(-1),RH102菌株溶解有机磷和无机磷能力最强,分别为166.84和4.12 mg·L^(-1)。盆栽回接试验结果表明,接种根瘤菌后显著促进了红芸豆的生长及结瘤能力,与对照相比,回接根瘤菌红芸豆株高、植株地上部鲜重、结瘤数分别显著增加了2.22%~20.23%、34.92%~138.00%、26~173个(P<0.05),其中RH64表现最好,显著优于其他菌株。相关性分析表明,根瘤菌固氮酶活性和胞外多糖含量与红芸豆结瘤存在着极显著的相关性,而根瘤菌IAA和溶磷作用则能够显著促进红芸豆植株生长与根部发育。从山西省忻州市筛选的10株根瘤菌中,RH64具有较强的结瘤和促生能力,且与主栽红芸豆品种高效匹配,适用于山西省忻州地区的红芸豆生产。As an important small grain crop in Shanxi province,red kidney bean is generally affected by problems such as low nodulation rate,yield,and quality.Inoculating rhizobia is an effective way to solve these problems.In this study,the red kidney bean cultivar‘British Red’was subjected to an inoculation experiment using 10 strains of rhizobia isolated from the root nodules of red kidney bean plants,in which 11 treatments were arranged.The results showed that the rhizobia isolated from the root nodules of red kidney beans in the main sowing area of Xinzhou city of Shanxi province belonged to Rhizobium indicum and Rhizobium etli,among which the Rhizobium indicum isolate RH64 showed the highest nitrogenase activity and produced the highest content of extracellular polysaccharide,reaching 253.22 U·L^(-1) and 415.43 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The isolate RH130 had the strongest ability to secrete indoleacetic acid(IAA)that reached 40.12 mg·L^(-1),while the isolate RH102 had the strongest ability of organic and inorganic phosphorus solubilizing capability that were recorded as 166.84 and 4.12 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The results of pot experiment showed that inoculation with isolated rhizobia significantly promoted the growth and nodulation ability of red kidney bean.Compared with the control,the height,fresh weight of aboveground part and nodulation number of red kidney bean plants inoculated with rhizobia were increased significantly by 2.22%-20.23%,34.92%-138.00%and 26-173(P<0.05),respectively.Among them,RH64 performed the best and was significantly better than other isolates.In correlation analysis,a significant positive correlation was found of rhizobia nitrogenase activity and extracellular polysaccharide content and nodulation,while IAA production and phosphorus solubilization by rhizobia significantly promoted the growth and root development of red kidney bean plants.Among the 10 strains of rhizobia screened from Xinzhou of Shanxi province,RH64 had strong nodulation and growth promoting abilities,and was highly co

关 键 词：红芸豆 根瘤菌 结瘤 促生 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S643[农业科学—蔬菜学]