几种生物制剂对西瓜白粉病的防治效果  

The Control Effect of Several Biological Fungicides on Powdery Mildew of Watermelon

作　　者：王琳[1] 王喜庆[1] 贾云鹤[1] 付永凯[1] 闫闻[1] 才羿 WANG Lin;WANG Xiqing;JIA Yunhe;FU Yongkai;YAN Wen;CAI Yi(Horticultural Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第10期50-54,共5页Vegetables

基　　金：黑龙江省西甜瓜现代农业产业技术协同创新推广体系项目;黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程项目(CX23GG05)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出适宜防治西瓜白粉病的生物制剂,开展了田间药效试验,研究了腈菌唑、哈茨木霉菌+淡紫紫孢菌、白粉病除净2号、小檗碱、白粉5号、嘧菌酯(药剂对照)对西瓜白粉病的防治效果。结果表明:白粉病除净2号悬浮剂和小檗碱水剂防治西瓜白粉病的速效性和持效性最好,药后7 d的防治效果分别达到89.39%和87.88%,药后14 d的防治效果分别达到87.84%和89.19%,且2者在药后7、14 d的防治效果均无显著性差异,但均显著高于其他处理;其次是腈菌唑可湿性粉剂和白粉5号悬浮剂,药后7 d的防治效果分别为63.63%和66.67%,药后14 d的防治效果分别达到68.92%和67.57%,且2者在药后7、14 d的防治效果均无显著性差异,但均显著高于药剂对照和哈茨木霉菌+淡紫紫孢菌粉剂;哈茨木霉菌+淡紫紫孢菌粉剂的防治效果最差,在药后7、14 d均与药剂对照差异不显著。建议在西瓜白粉病发生初期轮换使用生物制剂白粉病除净2号悬浮剂和小檗碱水剂进行防治。In order to screen out suitable biological fungicides for controlling powdery mildew of watermelon,field efficacy trials were conducted to study the control effects of nitroconazole,Trichoderma harzianum+Purpureocillium lilacinum,powdery mildew removal No.2,berberine,powder No.5 and azoxystrobin(fungicide control)on powdery mildew of watermelon.The results showed that the powdery mildew removal No.2 suspension and berberine water solution had the best quick and sustained effects in controlling powdery mildew of watermelon,with 89.39%and 87.88%at 7 days after treatment,87.84%and 89.19%at 14 days after treatment,respectively,which were no significant difference in the control effects at 7 days and 14 days after treatment,respectively,but they were significantly higher than other treatments.Secondly,the control effects of nitroconazole wettable powder and powder No.5 suspension were 63.63%and 66.67%after 7 days of treatment,68.92%and 67.57%after 14 days of treatment,respectively,which were no significant difference in the control effects at 7 days and 14 days after treatment,respectively,but both were significantly higher than fungicide control and Trichoderma harzianum+Purpureocillium lilacinum power.The control effect of Trichoderma harzianum+Purpureocillium lilacinum power was the worst,with no significant difference compared with the fungicide control at 7 days and 14 days after treatment.It is recommended to alternately use biological fungicides such as powdery mildew removal No.2 suspension and berberine water solution for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of watermelon during the early stages of outbreak.

关 键 词：西瓜 白粉病 生物制剂 防治效果 小檗碱 哈茨木霉菌 淡紫紫孢菌 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]