黔东南清水江流域穿斗构架演进——兼论建构视野下侗族与苗族穿斗构架之辨  

Evolution of Column and Tie Construction at Qingshuijiang River Basin in Southeast Guizhou——Distinguishing Column and Tie Construction of Dong Nationality and Miao Nationality under the Construction Perspective

作　　者：展玥 王红军[1] ZHAN Yue;WANG Hongjun

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《住宅科技》2024年第10期60-65,共6页Housing Science

摘　　要：清水江是沅江上游的主要支流,清水江流域也是苗族、侗族迁徙路线交汇与文化融合的地区。文章基于文献研究和实地调研,梳理穿斗构架演化历程,指出清水江下游民居构架具有穿斗构架“共同祖型”的“满枋满瓜”特征,是“满枋满瓜”与“减枋跑马瓜”构架形式的过渡区域;辨析清水江流域苗族、侗族民居建构逻辑,并深入分析穿斗构架的融合形式,指出清水江流域穿斗架的演进脉络体现出地方性民居建筑的传承与创新,为研究多民族传统民居演进轨迹和交融途径提供理论基础。Qingshuijiang River isthe main branch at the upstream of Yuanjiang River,and Qingshuijiang River Basin is also a region for migration route intersection and cultural fusion of Miao nationality and Dong nationality.Based on literature research and field investigation,this paper combs the evolution process of column and tie construction,it is pointed out that the residential architecture at downstream of Qingshuijiang River is characterized by“full tie-beam and full short column”as the common archetype of column and tie construction,and it is the transition region between“full tie-beam and full short column”and“less tie-beam and different short column”construction form;it differentials and analyzes the construction logic of folk house of Miao nationality and Dong nationality at Qingshuijiang River Basin,and performs in-depth analysis to the fusion form of column and tie,it is pointed out that the evolutional thread of column and tie construction at Qingshuijiang River Basin embodies the inheritance and innovation of local folk house building,so as to provide rationale for the evolution track and fusion path of traditional folk house.

关 键 词：木构架 穿斗构架 侗族民居 苗族民居 建构逻辑 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论]