有机海泡石在油基钻井液中的应用效果与展望  

Application effect and prospect of organic sepiolite used in oil-based drilling fluid

作　　者：寇亚浩 倪晓骁 黎剑 王建华 张家旗 冯杰 郭嘉恒 常启帆 KOU Yahao;NI Xiaoxiao;LI Jian;WANG Jianhua;ZHANG Jiaqi;FENG Jie;GUO Jiaheng;CHANG Qifan(PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Tarim 841000,China;CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited,Beijing 102206,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆塔里木841000 [2]中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司,北京102206 [3]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [4]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第9期2206-2210,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52204023);中国石油科技创新基金项目(2023DQ02-0304)。

摘　　要：针对目前常规油基钻井液及其配套处理剂在高温环境下容易失效的问题。对一种具有耐高温机械稳定性的纤维状黏土矿物——“海泡石”进行了分析研究,并讨论了其晶体构造、理化性质和有机改性的方法。结果发现,有机改性后的海泡石可以在油基钻井液中形成具有较强结构力的“乱草堆状”空间网架结构,使钻井液出现明显的触变性,且该流变特性仅取决于纤维结构的机械参数,而不取决于颗粒的静电引力,抗温可达240℃以上;分散在钻井液中的海泡石纤维随钻井液一同向地层渗透的过程中,还可以在井壁处形成一层薄而致密的纤维层,阻挡钻井液向地层的滤失;除此之外,海泡石因其自身所含结构水较多的原因,在饱和盐水和淡水中的配浆效果几乎一样,具有较强的抗盐水污染能力。海泡石的有机改性工艺研究及其在油基钻井液中的应用正逐步成为未来抗超高温钻井液研究的一个重要方向。Aiming at the problem that the conventional oil-based drilling fluid and its supporting treatment agent are easy to fail in high temperature environment.A fibrous clay mineral“sepiolite”with high temperature mechanical stability was analyzed and studied,and its crystal structure,physical-chemical properties and organic modification methods were discussed.The results showed that the organic modified sepiolite could form a“messy grass pile”spatial grid structure with strong structural force in the oil-based drilling fluid,which could make the drilling fluid have an obvious thixotropy.This thixotropy only depended on the mechanical parameters of the fiber structure,not on the electrostatic attraction of the particles,and the temperature resistance can reached more than 240℃.The process of the sepiolite fiber which dispersed in the drilling fluid penetrating into the stratum with the drilling fluid,a thin and dense fiber layer could be formed at the wellbore,to block the filtration of the drilling fluid to the stratum.In addition,sepiolite has almost the same slurry mixing effect in saturated brine and fresh water due to its own structural water,and has strong salt water pollution resistance.The research on the organic modification process of sepiolite and its application in oil-based drilling fluid are gradually becoming an important direction for the investigation of ultra-high temperature drilling fluid in the future.

关 键 词：油基钻井液 高温高压 有机海泡石 空间网架结构 流型调节 降滤失 

分 类 号：TQ343[化学工程—化纤工业] TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]