全民族抗战时期国民党对中共组织建设理论的借鉴——以《党的建设》为中心的考察  

The Kuomintang’s Adaptation of the CPC’s Organizational Theory During the National War of Resistance:An Examination Focused on Party Building

作　　者：盛差偲 Sheng Chaicai

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2024年第4期104-115,共12页CPC History Studies

摘　　要：全民族抗战爆发后,国民党亟须加强组织建设。中共党内教材《党的建设》得到蒋介石重视,国民党借鉴《党的建设》中的组织、训练、宣传等内容,注重发展农民党员,加强党员训练,并编撰了《党员须知》用于党内教育。然而此次借鉴未达预期,《党员须知》并未真正成为国民党党员必读,党员训练繁琐而无重点,批评与自我批评难以切实推行。这一结局与蒋介石等的思想文化缺陷不无关系,如片面地从技术角度理解党务,强调下级对上级的盲从,忽视党对政府的领导等。虽然国民党对制度建设有所忽视,但这未必是其积重难返的症结所在,政治文化也许能对历史走向发挥更关键的作用。After the outbreak of the National War of Resistance,the Kuomintang urgently needed to strengthen its organizational structure.Chiang Kai-shek placed significant emphasis on Party Building,which was an internal textbook of the CPC.It borrowed various elements from Party Building,including organizational,training,and propaganda aspects,focusing on developing peasant party members,enhancing member training,and creating the Party Member’s Manual for internal education.However,these adaptations fell short of expectations.The Party Member’s Manual did not become compulsory reading,member training was cumbersome and unfocused,and criticisms and self-criticisms were difficult to implement effectively.The results were partly due to the ideological and cultural shortcomings of Chiang Kai-shek and others,such as their narrow technical understanding of party af-fairs,emphasis on subordination to superiors,and neglect of party leadership over the government.Although the Kuomintang neglected institution-building,this may not necessarily be the root cause of its deeply entrenched dif-ficulties.Political culture might play a more critical role in shaping the tendency of history.

关 键 词：《党的建设》 《党员须知》 蒋介石 熊式辉 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学] D693[历史地理—中国史]