基于ABS-苯并噁嗪树脂的新型复合材料制备及阻燃性能的机理研究  

Preparation and Flame Retardant Mechanism Investigation of Novel Composites Based on ABS-Benzoxazine Resin

作　　者：刘驰宇 刘博 邓小波 鞠彬彬 刘建志 LIU Chi-yu;LIU Bo;DENG Xiao-bo;JU Bin-bin;LIU Jian-zhi(Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection,Ji'nan 250102,China;National Inspection and Testing Center for Fire and Flame-Retardant Product(Shandong),Ji'nan 250102,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省产品质量检验研究院,山东济南250102 [2]国家消防及阻燃产品质量检验检测中心(山东),山东济南250102

出　　处：《塑料科技》2024年第9期51-57,共7页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)树脂是一种性能优异的合成树脂,广泛应用于汽车、电子等行业,且需求量巨大,但是其阻燃性能较差限制其在防火要求高的产品中的应用。为了提高ABS树脂的阻燃性能,通过前期试验发现,磷酸系阻燃剂[聚磷酸铵(APP)、磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和异丙基化磷酸三苯酯(IPPP)]能够提高ABS的阻燃性能,并且与苯并噁嗪和磷酸氢锆形成新型ABS复合材料,通过测试复合材料的红热联用(TG-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和热释放速率(HRR)等数据得出以下结论:磷酸系阻燃剂会热解形成具有极强脱水作用的磷酸和焦磷酸,促使ABS-苯并噁嗪复合体系发生脱水炭化现象,形成炭层提高阻燃性能;双酚A型苯并噁嗪在复合体系阻燃性能中的表现明显高于苯胺型苯并噁嗪;磷酸氢锆的引入作为协同成炭剂,虽然有效提高了残炭率,但其层状结构可能对炭层的致密性产生一定影响。Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer(ABS)resin is currently a high-performance synthetic resin widely used in industries such as automobiles and electronics,with a huge demand.However,its poor flame retardancy limits its application in products with high fire resistance requirements.In order to improve the flame retardancy of ABS resin,preliminary experiments showed that phosphoric acid flame retardants[ammonium polyphosphate(APP),triphenyl phosphate(TPP),and isopropylated triphenyl phosphate(IPPP)]can enhance the flame retardancy of ABS,and form a novel ABS composite with benzoxazine and zirconium hydrogen phosphate.Through testing the TG-FTIR,SEM,and HRR data of the composites,the following conclusion was drawn:Phosphoric acid flame retardants can pyrolyze to form phosphoric acid and pyrophosphate with strong dehydration effect,promote dehydration and carbonization of the ABS benzoxazine composite system,forming a carbon layer to improve flame retardancy;Bisphenol A type benzoxazine exhibits significantly higher flame retardancy than aniline type benzoxazine in the composite system;The introduction of zirconium hydrogen phosphate as a synergistic carbonizing agent,although effectively improving the residual carbon rate,may have a certain impact on the density of the carbon layer due to its layered structure.

关 键 词：丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物 磷酸系阻燃剂 苯并噁嗪 磷酸氢锆 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]