三水碳酸镁纤维的制备及其在EVA中的应用  

Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate Trihydrate Fibers and Their Application in EVA

作　　者：姚明奇 荣静 段思雨 曹大力 YAO Ming-qi;RONG Jing;DUAN Si-yu;CAO Da-li(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang Chemical University,Shenyang 110142,China;402 Branch,Liaoning Qingyang Specialty Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Liaoyang 111002,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110142 [2]辽宁庆阳特种化工有限公司402分厂,辽宁辽阳111002

出　　处：《塑料科技》2024年第9期73-78,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：为提高乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)的阻燃性能,以七水硫酸镁(MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)和碳酸钾(K_(2)CO_(3))为原料,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为晶型控制剂,采用共沉淀法合成出三水碳酸镁(MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O)纤维,采用硅烷改性后的三水碳酸镁纤维为阻燃剂,通过熔融共混的方式制备EVA复合材料。通过万能试验机、极限氧指数仪(LOI)、热重分析仪(TG)、锥形量热仪(CCT)等,研究改性MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O纤维对EVA复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:在40℃、搅拌速率为350 r/min、MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O与K_(2)CO_(3)物质的量比为3∶1、SDBS添加量为理论生产纤维质量的3%的条件下,可制备分散性良好的MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O纤维;经硅烷偶联剂改性后的MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O纤维可明显提高EVA的力学性能,当添加量为40%时,复合材料拉伸强度提升至13.7 MPa,断裂伸长率提升至176%,热释放速率和烟释放率大幅度降低,分别为231 kW/m^(2)和0.029 m^(2)/s。Magnesium carbonate trihydrate fibers were synthesized by co-precipitation method using magnesium sulfate heptahydrate(MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)and potassium carbonate(K_(2)CO_(3))as raw materials and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS)as structural guiding agent.EVA composites were prepared by melt blending using silane-modified magnesium carbonate trihydrate fiber as a flame retardant.The effects of modified magnesium carbonate trihydrate fibers on the mechanical properties,thermal stability and flame retardancy of EVA composites were investigated by means of a universal testing machine,a limiting oxygen index meter(LOI),a thermogravimetric analyzer(TG),and a cone calorimeter(CCT).The results show that at 40℃,the stirring rate is 350 r/min,the molar ratio of MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O to K_(2)CO_(3) is 3∶1,and the addition amount of SDBS is 3%of the theoretical production fiber mass,MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O fibers with good dispersibility can be prepared.The mechanical properties of EVA can be significantly improved by MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O fibers modified by silane coupling agent,and the tensile strength of the composites is increased to 13.7 MPa and the elongation at break is increased to 176%when the addition amount is 40%.The heat release rate and smoke release rate are greatly reduced to 231 kW/m^(2) and 0.029 m^(2)/s,respectively.

关 键 词：三水碳酸镁纤维 表面改性 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 力学性能 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]