灭菌唑及其复配剂对河南省禾谷镰孢菌的抑制活性及对小麦赤霉病的室内防效  

Inhibitory activity of triticonazole and its mixture against Fusarium graminearum in Henan Province and its control efficacy on Fusarium head blight of wheat

作　　者：殷铭灿 高续恒 钱乐 姜佳[1,2] 张承启 刘圣明[1,2] YIN Mingcan;GAO Xuheng;QIAN Le;JIANG Jia;ZHANG Chengqi;LIU Shengming(Department of Plant Protection,College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan Province,China;Henan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection,Luoyang 471023,Henan Province,China;College of Plant Protection,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院植物保护系,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南省绿色植保工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471023 [3]安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第5期974-982,共9页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1400100);河南省科技研发计划联合基金(232301420122);洛阳市公益性行业科研专项(2302032A);河南省自然科学基金(222300420145)。

摘　　要：由禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)引起的赤霉病是小麦生产上的重要病害之一。为明确三唑类杀菌剂灭菌唑对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制活性,室内测定了禾谷镰孢菌不同发育阶段对灭菌唑的敏感性,发现其敏感性由低到高依次为:孢子萌发<芽管伸长<菌丝生长,EC_(50)值分别为18.16、1.332和0.4613μg/mL。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了从河南省9个地市采集分离的101株禾谷镰孢菌对灭菌唑的敏感性,结果显示:EC_(50)值范围在0.0586~0.9183μg/mL之间,平均值为(0.3866±0.1969)μg/mL,且敏感性频率分布呈连续单峰曲线,该平均EC_(50)值可作为河南省禾谷镰孢菌对灭菌唑的敏感性基线。灭菌唑分别与氟唑菌酰羟胺、多菌灵、咯菌腈、氰烯菌酯、咪鲜胺5种杀菌剂复配后,对禾谷镰孢菌的联合毒力测定结果表明:增效系数(SR)在0.53~3.76之间,不同组合、不同比例的复配剂均表现为相加或增效作用,其中咪鲜胺与灭菌唑按质量比1:3复配时,增效作用最明显(SR=3.76)。室内离体防治效果测定显示,在有效成分400μg/mL剂量下,咪鲜胺与灭菌唑质量比1:3复配剂的治疗作用防效最高,为82.63%。研究结果有助于指导灭菌唑的科学合理使用,并为小麦赤霉病的综合防控提供理论依据和数据支持。Fusarium head blight(FHB),caused by Fusarium graminearum,is one of the important diseases in wheat production.In order to clarify the activity of triazole fungicide triticonazole against F.graminearum,the toxicity of triticonazole against F.graminearum at different developmental stages was determined in the lab.It was found that the sensitivity from low to high is:conidia germination<germ tube elongation<mycelial growth,and the EC_(50) values were 18.16,1.332,and 0.4613μg/mL,respectively.The sensitivity of 101 strains of F.graminearum collected from 9 cities in Henan Province to triticonazole was determined by the mycelial growth rate method.The results showed that the EC_(50) values ranged from 0.0586 to 0.9183μg/mL,with an average of(0.3866±0.1969)μg/mL.The sensitivity frequency distribution showed a continuous single-peak curve.The average EC_(50) value could be used as the sensitivity baseline of F.graminearum to triticonazole in Henan Province.The combined toxicity assessment of triticonazole with five other fungicides including pydiflumetofen,carbendazim,fludioxonil,phenamacril,and prochloraz against F.graminearum revealed synergy ratio(SR)ranged from 0.53 to 3.76.Different combinations and proportions of the compound showed additive or synergistic effects.Among them,the synergistic effect was the most obvious(SR=3.76)when prochloraz and triticonazole were compounded at a mass ratio of 1∶3.The indoor in vitro control effect determination showed that at a dose of 400μg/mL of active ingredient,the compound prepared with a mass ratio of 1∶3 of prochloraz and triticonazole had the highest therapeutic efficacy of 82.63%.The research results help guide the scientific and rational use of triticonazole and provide a theoretical basis and data support for the comprehensive prevention and control of wheat FHB.

关 键 词：小麦赤霉病 禾谷镰孢菌 敏感性 灭菌唑 咪鲜胺 复配剂 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学] TQ450.15[农业科学—植物保护]