锂离子电解液溶剂/空气混合物爆炸特性实验研究  

Experimental study on the explosion characteristics of lithiumion electrolyte solvent/air mixture

作　　者：王杰 宁潇尧 王学辉 汪箭[1] WANG Jie;NING Xiaoyao;WANG Xuehui;WANG Jian(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China;Tianjin Fire Protection Research Institute of Emergency Management Department,Tianjin 300381,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026 [2]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2024年第10期3480-3490,共11页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3006300);工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室开放课题(2022KLIB07);国家消防救援局科技计划项目(2023XFCX37)。

摘　　要：本工作利用爆炸极限与点火能测试反应平台开展了典型锂离子电解液溶剂碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)蒸气爆炸实验,首次测量了不同初始温度与当量比条件下EMC的最大爆炸压力P_(max)、爆炸下限LFL等爆炸危险性基础参数,并利用数值模拟方法开展了燃烧化学反应动力学机理分析数值模拟分析。结果表明EMC/空气混合气体的最大爆炸压力P_(max)随着当量比的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,并且在当量比φ=1.2附近取到最大值;随着温度的增加,P_(max)呈递减的趋势,且P_(max)与初始温度的倒数1/T_(0)呈线性关系;由于存在热损失,在相同工况下,P_(max,exp)均小于最大绝热爆炸压力P_(max,ad)。EMC/空气混合气体的爆炸下限LFL随着T_0的升高而降低,并呈线性关系,且对燃料爆炸下限经典模型的参数进行了修正,修正后的新公式的预测值与实验值结果吻合较好;通过反应机理分析得到不同T_0对于LFL的影响方式主要是通过影响OH?自由基的生成速率来实现的。本研究可为定量评估EMC的爆炸危险性提供一定依据以及为其实际使用中制定相应的安全标准提供一定参考。In this study,we conducted vapor explosion experiments on the typical lithium-ion electrolyte solvent ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)using an explosion limit and ignition energy test platform.Consequently,we measured for the first time the maximum explosion pressure(Pmax),lower explosion limit(LFL),and other basic parameters of EMC's explosion risk at different initial temperatures and equivalent ratios.We also analyzed the kinetic mechanism of the combustion chemical reaction by numerical simulation.The results show that the Pmax of the EMC/air mixed gas first increases and then decreases with increasing equivalent ratio,reaching a maximum near the equivalent ratioϕ=1.2.Additionally,as the temperature increases,Pmax decreases and exhibits a linear relationship with the reciprocal of the initial temperature 1/T_(0) because of the thermal loss,Pmax,exp is smaller than the maximum adiabatic explosion pressure Pmax,ad under the same working conditions.The LFL of EMC/air mixed gas decreases with increasing T0,showing a linear relationship,and the parameters of the classical model for fuel LFL are modified,with the new formula's predicted values agreeing well with the experimental values.The analysis of the reaction mechanism shows that the effect of different T0 on LFL is mainly due to the effect of the generation rate of OH radicals.The findings of this study provide insights for quantitatively assessing the explosion risk of EMC and provide references for developing corresponding safety standards for its practical use.

关 键 词：碳酸甲乙酯 最大爆炸压力 爆炸下限 初始温度 当量比 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU998.12[建筑科学—市政工程]