东乡族《米拉尕黑》史诗的吟诵民俗探析  

An Analysis of the Chanting Customs of the Epic Milagahei of Dongxiang Nationality

作　　者：佟春香 孟开 Tong Chun xiang;Meng kai(Faculty of Chinese Language and Literature,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou Gansu 730030,China;China Jangar Research Association,Lanzhou Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学中国语言文学学部,兰州730030 [2]中国《江格尔》研究会,兰州730030

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学（蒙文版）》2024年第4期144-151,共8页Social Sciences of Inner Mongolia:Mongolian Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中华传统伊斯兰建筑遗产文化档案建设与本土化发展研究”(编号:20&ZD209)。

摘　　要：《米粒尕黑》作为东乡民族本土文化的杰出代表,是一部饱含神秘色彩的英雄史诗。在历史的长河中,这部史诗经由无数代富有创造力的民间艺人深情吟诵,不仅承载并传递了东乡族人民的集体记忆与智慧,还以其独特的艺术魅力征服了无数听众的心。在漫长的历史文化传承之旅中,史诗的吟诵成为展现民族智慧与艺术才华的舞台。吟诵《米粒尕黑》不仅仅是一项庄严神圣的民俗活动,更是东乡族人民信仰与情感的深刻表达。它伴随着特定的仪式氛围、严格的规则以及深远的文化寓意,成为传统与现代的纽带。这一传统中蕴含着丰富的规矩与禁忌,如避免在公众场合随意吟诵以维护史诗的神圣性,以及反对割裂吟诵内容以保持史诗的完整性与连贯性。这些规矩体现了东乡族人民对民族历史文化的尊重与珍视,同时也强调了对英雄人物的颂扬、礼节的恪守、圣人的崇拜、教化的传承以及民族团结和谐的追求。在音律曲调方面,《米粒尕黑》以其情感伤与悲情交织的自发性旋律,深刻展现了吟唱者内心世界的真挚与丰富。这些民俗特色的精妙融合,不仅塑造了东乡族独特的历史文化与生活习俗,还为《米粒尕黑》这部史诗赋予了高度的艺术价值,它使得《米粒尕黑》不仅成为一部具有深厚文化底蕴的文学作品,更为非物质文化遗产的传承与发展注入了不竭的生命力与创造力。As an outstanding representative of local culture,Dongxiang nationality'sMilagahei is a heroic epic full of mystery.In the long history,this epic has been recited affectionately by countless generations of creative folk artists,which not only carries and conveys the collective memory and wisdom of Dongxiang people,but also conquers the hearts of countless listeners with its unique artistic charm.In the long journey of historical and cultural inheritance,epic recitation has become a stage to show national wisdom and artistic talent.ChantingMilagahei is not only a solemn and sacred folk activity,but also a profound expression of Dongxiang people's beliefs and feelings.Accompanied by a specific ritual atmosphere,strict rules and far-reaching cultural implications,it has become the link between tradition and modernity.This tradition contains rich rules and taboos,such as avoiding random chanting in public to maintain the sanctity of epic poems,and opposing the fragmentation of chanting content to maintain the integrity and coherence of epic poems.These rules reflect Dongxiang people's respect and cherishment for national history and culture,and at the same time emphasize the praise of heroes,the observance of etiquette,the worship of saints,the inheritance of enlightenment and the pursuit of national unity and harmony.In terms of rhythm and tune,Milagahei profoundly shows the sincerity and richness of the singers inner world with its spontaneous melody intertwined with lyrical sentimentality and sadness.The exquisite fusion of these folk features not only shaped the unique history,culture and living customs of Dongxiang people,but also endowed the epic Milagahei with a high artistic value.It makes Milagahei not only a literary work with profound cultural heritage,but also injects inexhaustible vitality and creativity into the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage.

关 键 词：东乡族 《米拉尕黑》 吟诵民俗 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]