代际居住安排与子女主观幸福感  

Intergenerational Living Distance and Adult Children's Subjective Well-Being

作　　者：李新恒 郭继强[1] Li Xinheng;Guo Jiqiang

机构地区：[1]浙江大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2024年第5期98-112,共15页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国人口老龄化对经济增长的影响路径与政策选择研究”(编号:20&ZD076)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现有关于家庭代际居住安排的研究大多集中在对老年父母主观幸福感的影响,而较少考虑对成年子女主观幸福感的影响。事实上,代际居住安排是父母和子女双方共同选择的结果,对子女主观幸福感的影响同样值得关注。文章利用2017年中国综合社会调查数据,区分子女与父母及配偶父母的居住距离,探讨代际居住安排对子女主观幸福感的影响。研究结果表明:(1)与父母近距离居住能够显著提升子女的主观幸福感,与配偶父母近距离居住对子女主观幸福感的影响则不显著;(2)近距离居住的幸福感提升效应在城市群体、女性、父母年龄均在70岁及以下、父母不再工作的样本中更明显;(3)近距离居住使父母能够为子女提供更多的物质支持、生活照料和情感支持,子女为父母提供的生活照料及情感支持也更多,代际情感支持和慰藉是近距离居住提升子女主观幸福感的主要原因;(4)两代人选择邻近而又不共同居住,即“一碗汤的距离”对子女主观幸福感的提升效应最大。文章基于上述结论提出了政策建议。Scholars have confirmed that living arrangements can affect the subjective well-being(SWB)of the older people,but there are fewer studies on its impact on the SWB of adult children.Using the 2017 China General Social Survey(CGSS)data,we distinguish the living distance between adult children and their own parents and their spouse's parents,and explore the impact of intergenerational living distance on children's SwB.This paper finds that,in general,the closer one lives to their own parents,the higher the children's SWB.This conclusion still holds after robustness checks and dealing with endogeneity.While the closer living distance to one's spouse's parents does not increase the children's SWB.Heterogeneity analysis finds that the SWB-improving effect is more obvious among urban groups,women,adult children whose own parents are under 70 years old,and those whose own parents no longer work.Underlying mechanism analysis finds that the closer the living distance is,the more support parents can provide to their children,and the more support children provide to their parents.The main mechanism living close to parents improves children's SWB is the emotional support.Further analysis finds that when adult children and their parents live within a walking distance,the effect on the children's SWB is most obvious.Finally,some policy implications are discussed based on these conclusions.

关 键 词：代际居住安排 子女主观幸福感 代际支持 情感支持 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济] C913.1[社会学] C912.6