农业新质生产力:内涵与外延、潜力与挑战和发展思路  

New Quality Productive Forces in Agriculture:Connotation and Denotation,Potential and Challenges,and Development Ideas

作　　者：黄季焜[1,2] HUANG Jikun

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国农业政策研究中心 [2]北京大学现代农业研究院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2024年第5期19-34,共16页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“乡村振兴进程中的农村经济转型路径与规律研究”(编号:71934003);北京大学现代农业研究院数字技术创新项目的资助。

摘　　要：为深入理解和在实践中贯彻习近平总书记提出的发展新质生产力的要求,本文在论述新质生产力的内涵和外延的基础上,界定了农业新质生产力的内涵和外延。研究表明,新质生产力的核心标志是全要素生产率的大幅提升。此外,本文还分析了农业新质生产力涉及的新质产品、新质生产要素、新质生产方式的主要内容,讨论了农业新质生产力的驱动力和标准制定原则,并以大食物观和生物技术与数字技术在农业中的应用为例,分析了大农业、现代种业和智慧农业这三大重点领域农业新质生产力发展的潜力、机遇和挑战。最后,本文指出,科技创新对发展农业新质生产力极其重要,但制度创新、市场创新和投资创新同样重要。In order to deeply understand and implement in practice the requirements to develop new quality productive forces,on the basis of discussing the connotation and denotation of new quality productive forces,this paper investigates the definition of the connotation and denotation of new quality productive forces in agriculture.The research shows that the core indicator of new quality productive forces is a significant increase in total factor productivity.This paper also analyzes the main contents of the new quality products,new quality production factors,and new quality production methods regarding new quality productive forces in agriculture,and discusses the driving forces and standard-setting principles of new quality productive forces in agriculture.In addition,using the big food view and the applications of biotechnology and digital technology in agriculture as examples,this paper analyzes the potential,opportunities,and challenges of the development of new quality productive forces in agriculture in the three key areas of big agriculture,moderm seed industry,and smart agriculture.Finally,the paper points out that the scientific and technological innovation is crucial for the development of new quality productive forces in agriculture,but institutional innovation,market innovation,and investment innovation are equally important.

关 键 词：新质生产力 农业新质生产力 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F061.1[经济管理—政治经济学] F320.1