实践与符号:马克思与卡西尔的比较与融合——兼论数字时代人的生存与发展  

Practice and Symbol:A Comparison and Integration of Marx and Cassirer on Human Survival and Development in the Digital Age

作　　者：赵士发[1,2] 张昊 Zhao Shifa;Zhang Hao(the School of Philosophy at Wuhan University;Mao Zedong's philosophical thoughts,and Marxist semiotics;the School of Marxism,Wuhan University,mainly studies Marxist philosophy and Marxist semiotics)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学 [2]武汉大学哲学学院 [3]武汉大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《符号与传媒》2024年第2期11-23,共13页Signs & Media

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国共产党对马克思主义哲学的原创性贡献研究”(21&ZD046)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对于人的存在与本质问题的研究,卡西尔试图解决方法论危机,转向功能性路径,超越了传统形而上学与经验主义。卡西尔将人的活动视为符号活动,将人的本质视为劳作,将人的存在场域视为符号宇宙,虽然超越了传统哲学,揭示了人的感性活动的根本中介——符号,但是他局限于对人的精神生活的阐释,割裂了符号与现实的关系。马克思主义哲学将人的活动理解为实践,将人的本质理解为一切社会关系的总和,将人的存在场域理解为感性世界。主张从社会关系出发将人作为现实的具体的个人进行考察,是马克思与卡西尔人学的根本区别。随着数字时代的到来,作为符号存在的人发展到数字生存的新阶段。中国马克思主义符号学整合了马克思和卡西尔的理论,对数字时代人的生存发展问题进行了全新考察。In the study of human existence and essence,Cassirer attempts to resolve the methodological crisis and take a functional approach,surpassing traditional metaphysics and empiricism.Cassirer regards human activities as symbolic,human essence as labour,and human existence as a symbolic universe.Although he transcends traditional philosophy and reveals symbols to be the fundamental intermediary of human perceptual activities,he limits his interpretation to human spiritual life and disconnects the relationship between symbols and reality.Marxist philosophy interprets human activities as practice,human essence as the sum of all social relations,and human existence as the perceptual world.It is a fundamental difference between Marx's and Cassirer's approaches to human studies that Marxism advocates for the investigation of individuals as real and concrete entities from the perspective of social relations.With the advent of the digital age,people who exist as symbols have evolved into a new stage of digital existence.Chinese Marxist semiotics integrates the theories of Marx and Cassirer and makes a novel investigation of the survival and development of humans in the digital age.

关 键 词：存在 人的本质 实践 符号 数字生存 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B516[哲学宗教—哲学理论]